Electrochemical deposition of silver in room-temperature ionic liquids and its surface-enhanced Raman scattering effect

被引:232
作者
He, P
Liu, HT
Li, ZY
Liu, Y
Xu, XD
Li, JH [1 ]
机构
[1] Chinese Acad Sci, Changchun Inst Appl Chem, State Key Lab Electroanalyt Chem, Changchun 130022, Peoples R China
[2] Tsinghua Univ, Dept Chem, Beijing 100084, Peoples R China
关键词
D O I
10.1021/la048480l
中图分类号
O6 [化学];
学科分类号
0703 ;
摘要
The use of room-temperature ionic liquids (RTILs) as media for electrochemical application is very attractive. In this work, the electrochemical deposition of silver was investigated at a glassy carbon electrode in hydrophobic 1-n-butyl-3-methylimidazolium hexafluorophosphate (BMIMPF6) and hydrophilic 1-n-butyl-3-methylimidazolium tetrafluoroborate (BMIMBF4) RTILs and in KNO3 aqueous solution by cyclic voltammetric and potentiostatic transient techniques. The voltammograms showed the presence of reduction and oxidation peaks associated with the deposition and dissolution of silver from AgBF4 in both BMIMPF6 and BMIMBF4, resembling the redox behavior of AgNO3 in KNO3 aqueous solution. A crossover loop was observed in all the cyclic voltammograms of these electrochemical systems, indicating a nucleation process. From the analysis of the experimental current transients, it was shown that the electrochemical deposition process of silver in these media was characteristic of 3D nucleation with diffusion-controlled hemispherical growth, and the silver nucleation closely followed the response predicted for progressive nucleation in BMIMPF6 and instantaneous nucleation in KNO3 aqueous solution, respectively. Compared with these two cases, the electrochemical deposition of silver in BMIMBF4 deviated from both the instantaneous and progressive nucleation models, which could be controlled by mixed kinetics and diffusion. On the basis of the experimental results, it was shown that parameters such as viscosity and water miscibility of RTILs would affect the electrodeposition behavior of silver. Atom force microscopy was employed to probe the surface morphology of the silver deposit, and it showed that the shining electrodeposit of silver was fairly dense and separate nanoclusters of < 100 nm were in evidence, corresponding to an island growth model. The strongly enhanced Raman scattering from the monolayer film of 4-mercaptobenzoic acid demonstrated that as-prepared silver nanoparticular film was surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) active. The enhancement factor was calculated to be up to 9.0 x 10(5) and 1.0 x 10(6) for the silver film obtained in BMIMPF6 and BMIMBF4 RTILs, respectively.
引用
收藏
页码:10260 / 10267
页数:8
相关论文
共 65 条
[1]   Apparent anomaly during rotating disk voltammetry in ionic liquids [J].
Boxall, DL ;
O'Dea, JJ ;
Osteryoung, RA .
JOURNAL OF THE ELECTROCHEMICAL SOCIETY, 2002, 149 (11) :E468-E471
[2]   Electrochemical properties of alkali metals in 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium hexafluorophosphate [J].
Boxall, DL ;
Osteryoung, RA .
JOURNAL OF THE ELECTROCHEMICAL SOCIETY, 2002, 149 (06) :E185-E188
[3]   Electrocrystallization Nucleation and growth phenomena [J].
Budevski, E ;
Staikov, G ;
Lorenz, WJ .
ELECTROCHIMICA ACTA, 2000, 45 (15-16) :2559-2574
[4]   Electrochemical nucleation of lead and copper on indium-tin oxide electrodes [J].
Bulhoes, LOS ;
Mascaro, LH .
JOURNAL OF SOLID STATE ELECTROCHEMISTRY, 2004, 8 (04) :238-243
[5]   Nucleation and three-dimensional growth: Deviation from diffusion control [J].
Cao, Y ;
West, AC .
JOURNAL OF THE ELECTROCHEMICAL SOCIETY, 2002, 149 (04) :C223-C228
[6]   Solvent properties of the 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium hexafluorophosphate ionic liquid [J].
Carda-Broch, S ;
Berthod, A ;
Armstrong, DW .
ANALYTICAL AND BIOANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY, 2003, 375 (02) :191-199
[7]   Electrochemistry of Cd(II) in the basic 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium chloride/tetrafluoroborate room temperature molten salt [J].
Chen, PY ;
Sun, IW .
ELECTROCHIMICA ACTA, 2000, 45 (19) :3163-3170
[8]   Electrodeposition of cobalt and zinc-cobalt alloys from a lewis acidic zinc chloride-1-ethyl-3 methylimidazolium chloride molten salt [J].
Chen, PY ;
Sun, IW .
ELECTROCHIMICA ACTA, 2001, 46 (08) :1169-1177
[9]   Layer-by-layer growth of zinc during electrodeposition on Au(111) from a room temperature molten salt [J].
Dogel, J ;
Freyland, W .
PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY CHEMICAL PHYSICS, 2003, 5 (12) :2484-2487
[10]   Recent advances in applications of room-temperature ionic liquid/supercritical CO2 systems [J].
Dzyuba, SV ;
Bartsch, RA .
ANGEWANDTE CHEMIE-INTERNATIONAL EDITION, 2003, 42 (02) :148-150