P-selectin and chemokine response after liver ischemia and reperfusion

Background: P-selectin plays a major role in the earliest phase of polymorphonuclear neutrophil recruitment in the hepatic microvasculature after liver ischemia and reperfusion. Leukocyte cytokine chemoattractants (chemokines) cause polymorphonuclear neutrophil activation in ischemia and reperfusion injury. In this study, we examined the role of P-seiectin in the production of chemokines in the liver and lung inflammatory response after 90 minutes of warm ischemia. Study Design: Thirty-six C57BL/6 mice were subjected to partial liver ischemia for 90 minutes. Three groups of animals were included (n = 12 per group): the sham group, the ischemic control group, and the P-selectin-deficient gene targeted mice group. After 3 hours, we evaluated liver injury measurements, serum chemokines (MIP[macrophage inflammatory protein]-1 alpha and MIP-2), liver and lung tissue myeloperoxidase, and liver and lung histology. Statistical analysis included ANOVA, Student-Newman-Keuls', and Kruskal-Wallis Multiple Comparison Z-value tests. Results: P-selectin-deficient mice showed significant decreases in liver enzyme levels (p < 0.05) and marked decreases in serum MIP-1 alpha and MIP-2 chemokine determinations (p < 0.05) when compared with ischemic controls. Neutrophil infiltration was significantly ameliorated in the liver (p < 0.05) and markedly decreased in the lung, as reflected by decreased MPO levels. Improved histopathologic features in the liver and lung were observed in the P-selectin-deficient mice group compared with ischemic controls. Conclusions: Our study confirms the key role of P-selectin in the pathogenesis of liver ischemia and reperfusion and the production of chemokines. P-selectin-deficient animals had improved liver function, decreased neutrophil infiltration, and decreased MIP-la and MIP-2 responses. (J Am Coll Surg 2000; 191:395-402. (C) 2000 by the American College of Surgeons).