Information technology and the future of cities: An alternative analysis

How will advances in telecommunications technology affect urban development? In this paper, we develop a general model where individuals involved in relationships use two modes of interaction, face-to-face and electronic communication. Each individual chooses the amount of interaction of each type to maximise her net pay-off from the relationships. Improvements in telecommunications technology may increase or decrease the demand for face-to-face interactions, depending on whether the cross-price elasticity of demand between face-to-face interactions and telecommunications is positive or negative. Embedding the model within a simple spatial framework shows that city size increases with electronic communications if the cross-elasticity is negative. The model presented here is closely related to that of Gaspar and Glaeser, and its conclusions are virtually identical, but they are derived from a simpler and arguably more descriptively accurate representation of the interdependence between face-to-face interactions and electronic communications.