Alcohol Biomarkers in Applied Settings: Recent Advances and Future Research Opportunities

被引：123

作者：

Litten, Raye Z. ^{[1
]}

Bradley, Ann M. ^{[2
]}

Moss, Howard B. ^{[3
]}

机构：

[1] NIAAA, Div Treatment & Recovery Res, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA

[2] NIAAA, Off Sci Policy & Commun, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA

[3] NIAAA, Off Director, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA

来源：

ALCOHOLISM-CLINICAL AND EXPERIMENTAL RESEARCH | 2010年 / 34卷 / 06期

关键词：

Alcohol Biomarkers; Alcohol Sensors; Alcohol Use Disorders; CARBOHYDRATE-DEFICIENT TRANSFERRIN; URINARY ETHYL GLUCURONIDE; DISORDERS IDENTIFICATION TEST; GAMMA-GLUTAMYL-TRANSFERASE; DIRECT ETHANOL METABOLITES; CONSUMPTION EDAC TEST; HEAVY DRINKING; DEPENDENT PATIENTS; UNITED-STATES; MODERATE DRINKERS;

D O I：

10.1111/j.1530-0277.2010.01170.x

中图分类号：

R194 [卫生标准、卫生检查、医药管理];

学科分类号：

摘要：

During the past decade, advances have been made in the identification, development, and application of alcohol biomarkers. This is important because of the unique functions that alcohol biomarkers can serve in various applied settings. To carry out these functions, biomarkers must display several features including validity, reliability, adequacy of temporal window of assessment, reasonable cost, and transportability. During the past two decades, several traditional alcohol biomarkers have been studied in multiple human studies. Meanwhile, several new, promising biomarkers, including various alcohol metabolites and alcohol biosensors, are being explored in human studies. In addition, researchers have explored using biomarkers in combination and using biomarkers in combination with self-reports, resulting in increased sensitivity with little sacrifice in specificity. Despite these advances, more research is needed to validate biomarkers, especially the new ones, in humans. Moreover, recent advances in high-throughput technologies for genomics, proteomics, and metabolomics offer unique opportunities to discover novel biomarkers, while additional research is needed to perfect newly developed alcohol sensors. Development of more accurate biomarkers will help practicing clinicians to more effectively screen and monitor individuals who suffer from alcohol use disorders.

引用

页码：955 / 967

页数：13

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