Synthesis of Nalidixic Acid Based Hydrazones as Novel Pesticides

Thirty-one substituted hydrazones of nalidixic acid hydrazide were synthesized and characterized by spectral techniques. These compounds were evaluated for various biological activities, namely, fungicidal, insecticidal, and nitrification inhibitory activities. The antifungal activity was evaluated against five pathogenic fungi, namely, Rhizoctonia bataticola, Sclerotium rolfsii, Rhizoctonia solani, Fusarium oxysporum, and Alternaria porii. They showed maximum inihibition against A. porii with ED50 = 34.2-151.3 mu g/mL. The activity was comparable to that of a commercial fungicide, hexaconazole (ED50 = 25.4 mu g/mL). They were also screened for insecticidal activity against third-instar larvae of Spodoptera litura and adults of Callosobruchus maculatus and Tribollium castaneum. Most of them showed 70-100% mortality against S. litura through feeding method at 0.1% dose. These compounds were not found to be effective nitrification inhibitors.