A new type of high energy asymmetric capacitor with nanoporous carbon electrodes in aqueous electrolyte

被引:205
作者
Khomenko, V. [1 ]
Raymundo-Pinero, E. [1 ]
Beguin, F. [1 ]
机构
[1] CNRS Univ, Ctr Rech Mat Divisee, F-45071 Orleans, France
关键词
Electrochemical capacitor; Aqueous electrolyte; Asymmetric configuration; High voltage; Activated carbon; Pseudo-faradaic reactions; CHARGE STORAGE MECHANISM; 2; V; SUPERCAPACITORS; PERFORMANCE; COMPOSITES; NITROGEN; OPTIMIZATION; NANOTUBES;
D O I
10.1016/j.jpowsour.2010.01.006
中图分类号
O64 [物理化学(理论化学)、化学物理学];
学科分类号
070304 ; 081704 ;
摘要
A new type of low cost and high energy asymmetric capacitor based on only activated carbons for both electrodes has been developed in a safe and environment friendly aqueous electrolyte. In such electrolyte, the charges are stored in the electrical double-layer and through fast faradaic charge transfer processes. By taking profit of different redox reactions occurring in the positive and negative ranges of potential, it is possible to optimize the capacitor either by balancing the mass of the electrodes or by using different optimized carbons for the positive and negative electrodes. The best results are obtained in the latter case, by utilizing different pseudo-faradaic properties of carbons in order to increase the capacitance and to shift the potentials of water decomposition and destructive oxidation of activated carbon to more negative and positive values, respectively. After an additional adjustment of potentials by mass-balancing the two electrodes, the electrochemical capacitor can be reversibly charged/discharged at 1.6 V in aqueous medium, with energy densities close to the values obtained with electrical double-layer capacitors working in organic electrolytes, while avoiding their disadvantages. (C) 2010 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
引用
收藏
页码:4234 / 4241
页数:8
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