Role of visfatin, insulin-like growth factor-I and insulin in fetal growth

Objective: IGF-I and insulin are the main regulators of intrauterine and postnatal growth. Adipose tissue secreted cytokines are implicated in intrauterine growth. The relevant function of the adipocytokine visfatin is unknown. Materials and methods: Serum visfatin, IGF-I and insulin levels were measured by enzyme immunoassays in 40 singleton full-term fetuses and neonates on postnatal days 1 (N1) and 4 (N4). Results: No significant correlations exist between visfatin and IGF-I or insulin. N1 and N4 visfatin positively correlated with customized (adjusted) birth weight centiles (r = 0.511, P = 0.021, and r = 0.597, P = 0.005, respectively). Fetal and N1 IGF-I positively correlated with customized centiles (r=0.608, P < 0.001 and r=0.485, P=0.006, respectively). Fetal insulin positively correlated with customized centiles (r=0.654, P=0.021). Conclusions: Potential implication of visfatin in fetal growth is probably not mediated by IGF-I or insulin. Although a more active role cannot be excluded, visfatin may simply represent a marker of fat accumulation.