Jet scour in equilibrium phase

In this study a different approach has been used to compute the practical equilibrium scour process caused by both plunging and horizontal jets when no bed protection was present. Newton's second law of motion has been applied to a mass of particles of fluid to derive relations for the maximum scour depth in the equilibrium phase. The closure problem has been solved by applying the Buckingham Pi Theorem in which the unknowns are, related to material characteristics analogous to the scour relation presented by Schoklitsch. The accuracy of some formulas from literature that calculate the scour depth under jets, such as issue from pressure gates, flip buckets, and dam spillways, are evaluated using numerous data of both prototype situations and flume experiments. A significant amount of work from other researchers has been drawn together to calibrate and verify the predictors for the scour depth caused by horizontal jets. Though the predictability of the new relations to other scour relations has been increased, they have to be used for a first approximation in studies.