The Soil Moisture Active Passive (SMAP) Mission

被引：2703

作者：

Entekhabi, Dara ^{[1
]}

Njoku, Eni G. ^{[2
]}

O'Neill, Peggy E. ^{[3
]}

Kellogg, Kent H. ^{[2
]}

Crow, Wade T. ^{[4
]}

Edelstein, Wendy N. ^{[2
]}

Entin, Jared K. ^{[5
]}

Goodman, Shawn D. ^{[2
]}

Jackson, Thomas J. ^{[4
]}

Johnson, Joel ^{[6
]}

Kimball, John ^{[7
]}

Piepmeier, Jeffrey R. ^{[3
]}

Koster, Randal D. ^{[3
]}

Martin, Neil ^{[3
]}

McDonald, Kyle C. ^{[2
]}

Moghaddam, Mahta ^{[8
]}

Moran, Susan ^{[9
]}

Reichle, Rolf ^{[3
]}

Shi, J. C. ^{[10
]}

Spencer, Michael W. ^{[2
]}

Thurman, Samuel W. ^{[2
]}

Tsang, Leung ^{[11
]}

Van Zyl, Jakob ^{[2
]}

机构：

[1] MIT, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA

[2] CALTECH, Jet Prop Lab, Pasadena, CA 91109 USA

[3] NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA

[4] ARS, USDA, Hydrol & Remote Sensing Lab, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA

[5] NASA Headquarters, Washington, DC 20546 USA

[6] Ohio State Univ, Columbus, OH 43210 USA

[7] Univ Montana, Polson, MT 59860 USA

[8] Univ Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA

[9] USDA, SW Watershed Res Ctr, Tucson, AZ 85719 USA

[10] Univ Calif Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, CA 93106 USA

[11] Univ Washington, Seattle, WA 98195 USA

来源：

PROCEEDINGS OF THE IEEE | 2010年 / 98卷 / 05期

基金：

美国国家航空航天局;

关键词：

Freeze/thaw; geoscience; microwave; remote sensing; soil moisture; MICROWAVE RADIOMETER; BARE; EMISSION; SENSOR;

D O I：

10.1109/JPROC.2010.2043918

中图分类号：

TM [电工技术]; TN [电子技术、通信技术];

学科分类号：

0808 ; 0809 ;

摘要：

The Soil Moisture Active Passive (SMAP) mission is one of the first Earth observation satellites being developed by NASA in response to the National Research Council's Decadal Survey. SMAP will make global measurements of the soil moisture present at the Earth's land surface and will distinguish frozen from thawed land surfaces. Direct observations of soil moisture and freeze/thaw state from space will allow significantly improved estimates of water, energy, and carbon transfers between the land and the atmosphere. The accuracy of numerical models of the atmosphere used in weather prediction and climate projections are critically dependent on the correct characterization of these transfers. Soil moisture measurements are also directly applicable to flood assessment and drought monitoring. SMAP observations can help monitor these natural hazards, resulting in potentially great economic and social benefits. SMAP observations of soil moisture and freeze/thaw timing will also reduce a major uncertainty in quantifying the global carbon balance by helping to resolve an apparent missing carbon sink on land over the boreal latitudes. The SMAP mission concept will utilize L-band radar and radiometer instruments sharing a rotating 6-m mesh reflector antenna to provide high-resolution and high-accuracy global maps of soil moisture and freeze/thaw state every two to three days. In addition, the SMAP project will use these observations with advanced modeling and data assimilation to provide deeper root-zone soil moisture and net ecosystem exchange of carbon. SMAP is scheduled for launch in the 2014-2015 time frame.

引用

页码：704 / 716

页数：13

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