Extensive studies on π-stacking of poly(3-alkylthiophene-2,5-diyl)s and poly(4-alkylthiazole-2,5-diyl)s by optical spectroscopy, NMR analysis, light scattering analysis, and X-ray crystallography

被引:521
作者
Yamamoto, T
Komarudin, D
Arai, M
Lee, BL
Suganuma, H
Asakawa, N
Inoue, Y
Kubota, K
Sasaki, S
Fukuda, T
Matsuda, H
机构
[1] Tokyo Inst Technol, Resources Utilizat Res Lab, Midori Ku, Yokohama, Kanagawa 226, Japan
[2] Tokyo Inst Technol, Fac Biosci & Biotechnol, Midori Ku, Yokohama, Kanagawa 226, Japan
[3] Gunma Univ, Fac Engn, Kiryu, Gumma 376, Japan
[4] Japan Adv Inst Sci & Technol, Tatsunokuchi, Ishikawa 92312, Japan
[5] Natl Inst Mat & Chem Res, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305, Japan
关键词
D O I
10.1021/ja973873a
中图分类号
O6 [化学];
学科分类号
0703 ;
摘要
Stacking of poly(3-alkylthiophene)s P3RThs and poly(4-alkylthiazole)s P4RTzs has been studied. Light scattering analysis indicates that head-to-tail (HT) type HT-P3HexTh (R = n-C6H13) gives a degree of depolarization (rho(v)) of 0.26 in CHCl3, which reveals that HT-P3HexTh takes a stiff structure even in the good solvent. Addition of CH3OH to CHCl3 solutions of HT-P3HexTh and head-to-head (HH) type HH-P4HepTz (R = n-C7H15) leads to pi-stacking of the polymer molecules to form stable colloidal particles. The light scattering analysis of the colloidal solution of HT-P3HexTh in a 2:1 solution of CHCl3 and CH3OH reveals that HT-P3HexTh is aggregated in a parallel style. Results of filtration experiments using membranes with 0.20 and 0.02 mu m pores agree with the degree of the aggregation. P3HexThs with irregular structures (P3HexTh (Fe) and P3HexTh (Ni) with HT/HH ratios of about 7/3 and 1/2, respectively) show a weaker trend to aggregate; however, P3HexTh (Fe) is considered to stack in a surface region of a stretched poly(ethylene terephthalate) PET film. A dichroism observed with the stretched PET film indicates that the pi-pi* absorption as well as photoluminescence of the stacked P3HexTh molecules have a transition moment along the direction of the polymer main chain. X-ray diffraction analysis of HT-P3RThs and HH-P4RTzs reveals that they take a face-to-face stacked structure with an end-to-end packing mode, except for HT-P3MeTh (R = Me). HT-P3MeTh forms a face-centered lattice with an interlayer distance of 3.51 Angstrom. An alternative copolymer of bithiazole and 4,4'-dibutylbithiazole is packed in an interdigitation mode. At temperatures below 0 degrees C, the HT-P3HexTh molecules are pi-stacked in CHCl3, and the H-1 NMR spectrum shows a severe magnetic effect on the thiophene ring. Solid C-13 NMR data are also consistent with the pi-stacking.
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页码:2047 / 2058
页数:12
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