Polyamines as modifiers of genetic risk factors in human intestinal cancers

被引:27
作者
Babbar, N
Gerner, EW
机构
[1] Univ Arizona, Arizona Canc Ctr, Dept Radiat Oncol, Tucson, AZ 85724 USA
[2] Univ Arizona, Arizona Canc Ctr, Dept Biochem & Mol Biophys, Tucson, AZ 85724 USA
[3] Univ Arizona, Arizona Canc Ctr, Dept Mol & Cellular Biol, Tucson, AZ 85724 USA
关键词
difluoromethylornithine (DFMO); genetic risk factor; intestinal cancer; non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID); polyamine;
D O I
10.1042/BST0310388
中图分类号
Q5 [生物化学]; Q7 [分子生物学];
学科分类号
071010 ; 081704 ;
摘要
Polyamines are downstream mediators of genetic risk factors in human intestinal cancers. The adenomatous polyposis coli (APC) tumour-suppressor gene, which is mutated in essentially all human colon cancers, regulates the expression of several e-box transcription factors. These factors, in turn, regulate the transcription of ornithine decarboxylase (ODC) the first enzyme in polyamine synthesis. The Kirsten ras (K-ras) oncogene regulates the expression of several genes, including suppressing the expression of peroxisomal proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPAgamma). This PPAR, in turn, activates the expression of the spermidine/spermine-N-1-acetyltransfefase (SSAT), the first enzyme in polyamine catabolism. The nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) sulindac induces the transcription of SSAT via activation of PPARgamma. Inactivation of the APC tumour-suppressor gene, and the activation of K-ras, have a combined effect on increasing tissue polyamine contents due to increased synthesis and decreased catabolism of the polyamines. Pharmacological strategies for suppressing ODC (e.g. the enzyme-activated inhibitor alpha-difluofomethylornithine) and activating SSAT (e.g. NSAIDs) are potent inhibitors of intestinal carcinogenesis in rodent models. Clinical trials combining these classes of agent in humans with risk factors for colon cancer are in progress.
引用
收藏
页码:388 / 392
页数:5
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