Net-zero emissions energy systems

被引：1441

作者：

Davis, Steven J. ^{[1
,2
]}

Lewis, Nathan S. ^{[3
]}

Shaner, Matthew ^{[4
]}

Aggarwal, Sonia ^{[5
]}

Arent, Doug ^{[6
,7
]}

Azevedo, Ines L. ^{[8
]}

Benson, Sally M. ^{[9
,10
,11
]}

Bradley, Thomas ^{[12
]}

Brouwer, Jack ^{[13
,14
]}

Chiang, Yet-Ming ^{[15
]}

Clack, Christopher T. M. ^{[16
]}

Cohen, Armond ^{[3
,17
]}

Doig, Stephen ^{[18
]}

Edmonds, Jae ^{[19
]}

Fennell, Paul ^{[20
,21
]}

Field, Christopher B. ^{[22
]}

Hannegan, Bryan ^{[23
]}

Hodge, Bri-Mathias ^{[6
,24
,25
]}

Hoffert, Martin I. ^{[26
]}

Ingersoll, Eric ^{[27
]}

Jaramillo, Paulina ^{[8
]}

Lackner, Klaus S. ^{[28
]}

Mach, Katharine J. ^{[29
]}

Mastrandrea, Michael ^{[4
]}

Ogden, Joan ^{[30
]}

Peterson, Per F. ^{[31
]}

Sanchez, Daniel L. ^{[32
]}

Sperling, Daniel ^{[33
]}

Stagner, Joseph ^{[34
]}

Trancik, Jessika E. ^{[35
,36
]}

Yang, Chi-Jen

Caldeira, Ken ^{[32
]}

机构：

[1] Univ Calif Irvine, Dept Earth Syst Sci, Irvine, CA USA

[2] Univ Calif Irvine, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, Irvine, CA USA

[3] CALTECH, Div Chem & Chem Engn, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA

[4] Carnegie Inst Sci, Near Zero, Stanford, CA USA

[5] Energy Innovat, San Francisco, CA USA

[6] Natl Renewable Energy Lab, Golden, CO USA

[7] Joint Inst Strateg Energy Anal, Golden, CO USA

[8] Carnegie Mellon Univ, Engn & Publ Policy, Pittsburgh, PA 15213 USA

[9] Stanford Univ, Global Climate & Energy Project, Stanford, CA 94305 USA

[10] Stanford Univ, Precourt Inst Energy, Stanford, CA 94305 USA

[11] Stanford Univ, Dept Energy Resource Engn, Stanford, CA 94305 USA

[12] Colorado State Univ, Dept Mech Engn, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA

[13] Univ Calif Irvine, Dept Mech & Aerosp Engn, Irvine, CA 92717 USA

[14] Univ Calif Irvine, Adv Power & Energy Program, Irvine, CA USA

[15] MIT, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA

[16] Vibrant Clean Energy, Boulder, CO USA

[17] Clean Air Task Force, Boston, MA USA

[18] Rocky Mt Inst, Boulder, CO USA

[19] Pacific Northwest Natl Lab, College Pk, MD USA

[20] Imperial Coll London, Dept Chem Engn, South Kensington Campus, London, England

[21] Joint Bioenergy Inst, 5885 Hollis St, Emeryville, CA USA

[22] Stanford Univ, Woods Inst Environm, Stanford, CA 94305 USA

[23] Holy Cross Energy, Glenwood Springs, CO USA

[24] Univ Colorado, Dept Elect Comp & Energy Engn, Boulder, CO 80309 USA

[25] Colorado Sch Mines, Dept Chem & Biol Engn, Golden, CO 80401 USA

[26] NYU, Dept Phys, 4 Washington Pl, New York, NY 10003 USA

[27] Lucid Strategy, Cambridge, MA USA

[28] Arizona State Univ, Ctr Negat Carbon Emiss, Tempe, AZ USA

[29] Stanford Univ, Dept Earth Syst Sci, Stanford, CA 94305 USA

[30] Univ Calif Davis, Environm Sci & Policy, Davis, CA 95616 USA

[31] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Nucl Engn, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA

[32] Carnegie Inst Sci, Dept Global Ecol, Stanford, CA USA

[33] Univ Calif Davis, Inst Transport Studies, Davis, CA 95616 USA

[34] Stanford Univ, Dept Sustainabil & Energy Management, Stanford, CA 94305 USA

[35] MIT, Inst Data Syst & Soc, 77 Massachusetts Ave, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA

[36] Santa Fe Inst, Santa Fe, NM 87501 USA

来源：

SCIENCE | 2018年 / 360卷 / 6396期

基金：

美国国家科学基金会; 英国工程与自然科学研究理事会;

关键词：

CO2; CAPTURE; CELLULOSIC ETHANOL; CARBON CAPTURE; CLIMATE-CHANGE; POWER-SYSTEM; FUTURE COST; STORAGE; HYDROGEN; TECHNOLOGIES; PERFORMANCE;

D O I：

10.1126/science.aas9793

中图分类号：

O [数理科学和化学]; P [天文学、地球科学]; Q [生物科学]; N [自然科学总论];

学科分类号：

07 ; 0710 ; 09 ;

摘要：

Some energy services and industrial processes-such as long-distance freight transport, air travel, highly reliable electricity, and steel and cement manufacturing-are particularly difficult to provide without adding carbon dioxide (CO2) to the atmosphere. Rapidly growing demand for these services, combined with long lead times for technology development and long lifetimes of energy infrastructure, make decarbonization of these services both essential and urgent. We examine barriers and opportunities associated with these difficult-to-decarbonize services and processes, including possible technological solutions and research and development priorities. A range of existing technologies could meet future demands for these services and processes without net addition of CO2 to the atmosphere, but their use may depend on a combination of cost reductions via research and innovation, as well as coordinated deployment and integration of operations across currently discrete energy industries.

引用

页码：1419 / +

页数：10

共 111 条

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[6] [Anonymous], STEEL 2025 QUO VADIS
[7] [Anonymous], INT CEMENT REV
[8] [Anonymous], EARTH SYSTEM SCI DAT
[9] [Anonymous], COMPARISON INDUCED L
[10] [Anonymous], ANN MER REV PEER EV

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