Cocaine as a risk factor for neuroleptic-induced acute dystonia

被引:33
作者
van Harten, PN
van Trier, JCAM
Horwitz, EH
Matroos, GE
Hoek, HW
机构
[1] Psychiat Hosp Welterhof, Dept Psychiat Residency & Res, NL-6401 CX Heerlen, Netherlands
[2] Hosp Psychiat, Curacao, Neth Antilles
[3] Netherlands Antilles, Heerlen, Netherlands
[4] Overvecht Hosp, Utrecht, Netherlands
[5] RIAGG, Groningen, Netherlands
[6] Rosenburg Psychiat Inst, The Hague, Netherlands
关键词
D O I
10.4088/JCP.v59n0307
中图分类号
B849 [应用心理学];
学科分类号
040203 ;
摘要
Background: A prospective study was conducted to test the hypothesis that cocaine use is a risk factor for neuroleptic-induced acute dystonia (NIAD). Method: The study sample consisted of a highrisk group for NIAD, males aged 17-45 years who had received high-potency neuroleptics within 24 hours of admission and had not used neuroleptics in the month prior to admission. Patients were excluded if they suffered from a neurodegenerative disorder or were exposed to anticholinergics, benzodiazepines, promethazine, carbamazepine, phenytoin, or levodopa during the study. Twenty-nine patients-9 cocaine users and 20 nonusers-entered the study, which lasted 2 years. Patients were followed for 7 days. Results: Cocaine-using psychiatric patients developed significantly more NIAD than did nonusers (relative risk = 4.4, 95% CI = 1.4 to 13.9). Conclusion: Cocaine use is a major risk factor for NIAD and should be added to the list of well-known risk factors. The authors strongly suggest that cocaine-using psychiatric patients who are started on a regimen of neuroleptics should also be administered an anticholinergic for at least 7 days to prevent NIAD.
引用
收藏
页码:128 / 130
页数:3
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