Evaluation of biological control formulations to reduce aflatoxin contamination in peanuts

被引:65
作者
Dorner, JW
Cole, RJ
Connick, WJ
Daigle, DJ
McGuire, MR
Shasha, BS
机构
[1] USDA ARS, Natl Peanut Res Lab, Dawson, GA 31742 USA
[2] USDA ARS, So Reg Res Ctr, New Orleans, LA 70179 USA
[3] USDA ARS, Shafter, CA 93263 USA
[4] USDA ARS, Natl Ctr Agr Utilizat Res, Peoria, IL 61604 USA
关键词
Arachis hypogaea L; Aspergillus flavus; Aspergillus parasiticus; aflatoxin; biological control; formulation; peanut; groundnut; mycotoxin; rice; pesta; corn flour;
D O I
10.1016/S1049-9644(02)00139-1
中图分类号
Q81 [生物工程学(生物技术)]; Q93 [微生物学];
学科分类号
071005 ; 0836 ; 090102 ; 100705 ;
摘要
A two-year study was conducted to evaluate the efficacy of three formulations of nontoxigenic strains of Aspergillus flavus and Aspergillus parasiticus to reduce preharvest aflatoxin contamination of peanuts. Formulations included: (1) solid-state fermented rice; (2) fungal conidia encapsulated in an extrusion product termed Pesta; (3) conidia encapsulated in pregelatinized corn flour granules. Formulations were applied to peanut plots in 1996 and reapplied to the same plots in 1997 in a randomized design with four replications, including untreated controls. Analysis of soils for A. flavus and A. parasiticus showed that a large soil population of the nontoxigenic strains resulted from all formulations. In the first year, the percentage of kernels infected by wild-type A. flavus and A. parasiticus was significantly reduced in plots treated with rice and corn flour granules, but it was reduced only in the rice-treated plots in year two. There were no significant differences in total infection of kernels by all strains of A. flavus and A. parasiticus in either year. Aflatoxin concentrations in peanuts were significantly reduced in year two by all formulation treatments with an average reduction of 92%. Reductions were also noted for all formulation treatments in year one (average 86%), but they were not statistically significant because of wide variation in the aflatoxin concentrations in the untreated controls. Each of the formulations tested, therefore, was effective in delivering competitive levels of nontoxigenic strains of A. flavus and A. parasiticus to soil and in reducing subsequent aflatoxin contamination of peanuts. Published by Elsevier Science (USA).
引用
收藏
页码:318 / 324
页数:7
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