Structure and properties of poly(vinyl alcohol)/Na+ montmorillonite nanocomposites

被引:690
作者
Strawhecker, KE [1 ]
Manias, E [1 ]
机构
[1] Penn State Univ, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, University Pk, PA 16802 USA
关键词
D O I
10.1021/cm000506g
中图分类号
O64 [物理化学(理论化学)、化学物理学];
学科分类号
070304 ; 081704 ;
摘要
Poly(vinyl alcohol)/sodium montmorillonite nanocomposites of various compositions were created by casting from a polymer/silicate water suspension. The composite structure study revealed a coexistence of exfoliated and intercalated MMT layers, especially for low and moderate silicate loadings. The inorganic layers promote a new crystalline phase different than the one of the respective neat PVA, characterized by higher melting temperature and a different crystal structure. This new crystal phase reflects on the composite materials properties. Namely, the hybrid polymer/silicate systems have mechanical, thermal, and water vapor transmission properties, which are superior to that of the neat polymer and its conventionally filled composites. For example, for a 5 wt % MMT exfoliated composite, the softening temperature increases by 25 degreesC and the Young's modulus triples with a decrease of only 20% in toughness, whereas there is also a 60% reduction in the water permeability. Furthermore, due to the nanoscale dispersion of filler, the nanocomposites retain their optical clarity.
引用
收藏
页码:2943 / 2949
页数:7
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