Generation, identification, and recovery of mouse mutations

Mouse mutations can be generated by a variety of techniques including those that rely on inducing agents such as X rays or chemicals and those that involve genetic manipulations such as in transgene insertions and gene knockouts. Each technique has its advantages and disadvantages. Inducing agents are often more efficient when random mutations in as yet unknown genes are desired. In contrast, genetic manipulations are advantageous when the mutagenesis needs to be targeted to certain genes or regions. Once these mutations are produced, they must be systematically identified and characterized to confirm their distinction from other known mutations and environmental influences. Allelism and linkage tests should be performed. Finally, methods for maintaining these mutations should be applied so that studies of them can be pursued in the most efficient manner. (C) 1998 Academic Press.