Yield and Water Productivity Responses to Irrigation Cut-off Strategies after Fruit Set Using Stem Water Potential Thresholds in a Super-High Density Olive Orchard

被引:60
作者
Ahumada-Orellana, Luis E. [1 ]
Ortega-Farias, Samuel [1 ,2 ]
Searles, Peter S. [3 ]
Retamales, Jorge B. [2 ,4 ]
机构
[1] Univ Talca, Fac Ciencias Agr, Res & Extens Ctr Irrigat & Agroclimatol, Talca, Chile
[2] Univ Talca, Res Program Adaptat Agr Climate Change A2C2, Talca, Chile
[3] Consejo Nacl Invest Cient & Tecn, Ctr Reg Invest Cient & Transferencia Tecnol La Ri, La Rioja, Argentina
[4] Univ Talca, Fac Ciencias Agr, Dept Hort, Talca, Chile
来源
FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE | 2017年 / 8卷
关键词
Olea europaea; deficit irrigation; plant water status; yield components; total oil yield; TREES OLEA-EUROPAEA; REGULATED DEFICIT IRRIGATION; CV ARBEQUINA; OIL QUALITY; VEGETATIVE GROWTH; DROUGHT STRESS; USE EFFICIENCY; CROP YIELD; L; EVAPOTRANSPIRATION;
D O I
10.3389/fpls.2017.01280
中图分类号
Q94 [植物学];
学科分类号
071001 ;
摘要
An increase in the land area dedicated to super-high density olive orchards has occurred in Chile in recent years. Such modern orchards have high irrigation requirements, and optimizing water use is a priority. Moreover, this region presents low water availability, which makes necessary to establish irrigation strategies to improve water productivity. An experiment was conducted during four consecutive growing seasons (2010-2011 to 2013-2014) to evaluate the responses of yield and water productivity to irrigation cut-off strategies. These strategies were applied after fruit set using midday stem water potential (9 stem) thresholds in a super-high density olive orchard (cv. Arbequina), located in the Pencahue Valley, Maule Region, Chile. The experimental design was completely randomized with four irrigation cut-off treatments based on the psi(stem) thresholds and four replicate plots per treatment (five trees per plot). Similar to commercial growing conditions in our region, the psi(stem) in the T-1 treatment was maintained between -1.4 and -2.2 MPa (100% of actual evapotranspiration), while T-2, T-3 and T-4 treatments did not receive irrigation from fruit set until they reached a psi(stem) threshold of approximately -3.5, -5.0, and -6.0 MPa, respectively. Once the specific thresholds were reached, irrigation was restored and maintained as T1 in all treatments until fruits were harvested. Yield and its components were not significantly different between T-1 and T-2, but fruit yield and total oil yield, fruit weight, and fruit diameter were decreased by the T-3 and T-4 treatments. Moreover, yield showed a linear response with water stress integral (S-psi), which was strongly influenced by fruit load. Total oil content (%) and pulp/stone ratio were not affected by the different irrigation strategies. Also, fruit and oil water productivities were significantly greater in T-1 and T-2 than in the T-3 and T-4. Moreover, the T-2, T-3, and T-4 treatments averaged 37, 51, and 72 days without irrigation which represented 75-83, 62-76, and 56-70% of applied water compared with T-1, respectively. These results suggest that using the T-2 irrigation cut-off strategy could be applied in a super-high density olive orchard (cv. Arbequina) because it maintained yields, saving 20% of the applied water.
引用
收藏
页数:11
相关论文
共 59 条
[1]   Responses of several soil and plant indicators to post-harvest regulated deficit irrigation in olive trees and their potential for irrigation scheduling [J].
Aguero Alcaras, L. Martin ;
Cecilia Rousseaux, M. ;
Searles, Peter S. .
AGRICULTURAL WATER MANAGEMENT, 2016, 171 :10-20
[2]   Regulated deficit irrigation in olive trees (Olea europaea L. cv. Arbequina) for oil production [J].
Alegre, S ;
Marsal, J ;
Mata, M ;
Arbonés, A ;
Girona, J ;
Tovar, MJ .
PROCEEDINGS OF THE FOURTH INTERNATIONAL SYMPOSIUM ON OLIVE GROWING, VOLS 1 AND 2, 2002, (586) :259-262
[3]  
Allen R. G., 1998, FAO Irrigation and Drainage Paper
[4]   Inhibition of photosynthesis in olive trees (Olea europaea L) during water stress and rewatering [J].
Angelopoulos, K ;
Dichio, B ;
Xiloyannis, C .
JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY, 1996, 47 (301) :1093-1100
[5]   Whole-tree water balance and indicators for short-term drought stress in non-bearing 'Barnea' olives [J].
Ben-Gal, Alon ;
Kool, Dilia ;
Agam, Nurit ;
van Halsema, Gerardo E. ;
Yermiyahu, Uri ;
Yafe, Ariel ;
Presnov, Eugene ;
Erel, Ran ;
Majdop, Ahmed ;
Zipori, Isaac ;
Segal, Eran ;
Ruger, Simon ;
Zimmermann, Ulrich ;
Cohen, Yafit ;
Alchanatis, Victor ;
Dag, Arnon .
AGRICULTURAL WATER MANAGEMENT, 2010, 98 (01) :124-133
[6]   Structure, management and productivity of hedgerow olive orchards: A review [J].
Connor, David J. ;
Gomez-del-Campo, Maria ;
Cecilia Rousseaux, M. ;
Searles, Peter S. .
SCIENTIA HORTICULTURAE, 2014, 169 :71-93
[7]   Comparison of the water potential baseline in different locations. Usefulness for irrigation scheduling of olive orchards [J].
Corell, M. ;
Perez-Lopez, D. ;
Martin-Palomo, M. J. ;
Centeno, A. ;
Giron, I. ;
Galindo, A. ;
Moreno, M. M. ;
Moreno, C. ;
Memmi, H. ;
Torrecillas, A. ;
Moreno, F. ;
Moriana, A. .
AGRICULTURAL WATER MANAGEMENT, 2016, 177 :308-316
[8]   Plant growth and yield responses in olive (Olea europaea) to different irrigation levels in an arid region of Argentina [J].
Correa-Tedesco, Guillermo ;
Cecilia Rousseaux, M. ;
Searles, Peter S. .
AGRICULTURAL WATER MANAGEMENT, 2010, 97 (11) :1829-1837
[9]   Timing of fruit removal affects concurrent vegetative growth and subsequent return bloom and yield in olive (Olea europaea L.) [J].
Dag, Arnon ;
Bustan, Amnon ;
Avni, Avishai ;
Tzipori, Isaac ;
Lavee, Shimon ;
Riov, Joseph .
SCIENTIA HORTICULTURAE, 2010, 123 (04) :469-472
[10]   Low water stress conditions in table olive trees (Olea europaea L.) during pit hardening produced a different response of fruit and leaf water relations [J].
Dell'Amico, J. ;
Moriana, A. ;
Corell, M. ;
Giron, I. F. ;
Morales, D. ;
Torrecillas, A. ;
Moreno, F. .
AGRICULTURAL WATER MANAGEMENT, 2012, 114 :11-17