Association study of brain-derived neurotrophic factor in adults with a history of childhood onset mood disorder

Brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) is a nerve growth factor that has antidepressant-like effects in animals. BDNF gene polymorphisms have been associated with. bipolar disorder. We tested two genetic polymorphisms of BDNF for their association with childhood-onset mood disorders (COMD) within the context of a case-control design. Two BDNF polymorphisms, a dinucleotide repeat (GT)(n), and a single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) in the coding region, val66met, were genotyped in 99 adults with a history of COMD and matched psychiatrically healthy controls. A genomic control (GC) method was used to evaluate population substructure. Alleles at (GT)(n) were highly associated with COMD in this sample (chi(2)=17.8; d.f.=5; P=0.0032). The odds of carrying the 168 bp allele were 3.94 times greater for cases than controls (CI=1.72-9.04). Alleles of val66met were not significantly associated with COMD. GC analysis suggested population substructure was not a confounder of association. Analysis of haplotypes, in which (GT)(n) was treated as a binary variable (long vs. short alleles), provided significant evidence that the haplotype val/short contributes to liability to COMD. The BDNF (GT)(n) marker and the val/short haplotype are associated with COMD in this sample, in accordance with the previously described neurotrophic hypothesis of depression and some previous studies of association for bipolar disorder and neuroticism. This article contains supplementary material, which may be viewed at the American Journal of Medical Genetics website at http://www.interscience.wiley.com/jpages/0148-7299:1/suppmat/index.html. (C) 2004 Wiley-Liss, Inc.