Predicting methadone maintenance treatment outcomes using the addiction severity index and the MMPI-2 content scales (negative treatment indicators and cynism scales)

We studied the ability of the Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory-2 Content Scales (Negative Treatment Indicators [TRT] and Cynicism [CYN]) and the domain scales of the Addiction Severity Index (ASI) in predicting outcome from a methadone maintenance program. Participants were 108 African American males treated in a VA health care outpatient methadone maintenance treatment program and followed for up to I year after admission. Dependent variables were 1) length of stay and the percentage of 2) missed medication days, 3) toxicology urine samples free from illicit drugs, 4) full-time employment, 5) attendance at scheduled counseling sessions, and 6) counselor ratings of patient progress. A stepwise linear regression equation indicated that low drug severity scores on the ASI and low scores on percentage of missed medication predicted patients who were clean I year later; low scores on the psychological domain of the ASI predicted attendance at counseling sessions; a discriminant function analysis (consisting of percent of missed medication, percentage of clean urines, and ratings of patient progress) successfully predicted patient status (i.e., dropouts vs. "active patients") with 85% accuracy. Although the TRT and CYN were related to some ASI domains, they were not associated with any outcome variable. Results suggest that some ASI scores serve as important indicators of patient progress in methadone maintenance treatment.