Field and laboratory studies on the effect of particle size and composition on optical backscattering measurements in hydrothermal plumes

被引:55
作者
Baker, ET
Tennant, DA
Feely, RA
Lebon, GT
Walker, SL
机构
[1] NOAA, Pacific Marine Environm Lab, Seattle, WA 98115 USA
[2] Univ Washington, Joint Inst Study Atmospher & Ocean, Seattle, WA 98115 USA
基金
美国海洋和大气管理局;
关键词
optical instruments; light scattering; hydrothermal activity; particle size; suspended particulate matter; Juan de Fuca Ridge;
D O I
10.1016/S0967-0637(00)00011-X
中图分类号
P7 [海洋学];
学科分类号
0707 ;
摘要
We describe the performance of an inexpensive but highly sensitive light backscattering sensor (LBSS) suitable for use in deep-sea waters, where particle concentrations are typically < <similar to> 0.1 mg/l. Laboratory calibrations using aluminosilicate particles and latex spheres show that the concentration-normalized backscattering of the LESS, Kbs, is greatest for particles with a diameter close to the wavelength of light emitted by the LESS (0.88 mum), declining by more than a factor of five for particles < 0.1 <mu>m or > 10 mum. Field studies indicate that in hydrothermal plumes dominated by fine-grained metal precipitates the 95% confidence interval for predicting mass concentration with an LESS ranges from +/- 0.004 mg/l for 0.03 mg/l suspensions to +/- 0.008 mg/l at 0.12 mg/l. Comparisons among a group of 19 LBSSs found between-instrument variability to reach 70%, but normalizing the raw data using a laboratory calibration procedure reduced the maximum variability to similar to 8%, Published by Elsevier Science Ltd.
引用
收藏
页码:593 / 604
页数:12
相关论文
共 31 条
[1]  
APHA, 1985, STAND METH EX WAT WA
[2]   PATTERNS OF SUSPENDED PARTICLE DISTRIBUTION AND TRANSPORT IN A LARGE FJORDLIKE ESTUARY [J].
BAKER, ET .
JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-OCEANS, 1984, 89 (NC4) :6553-6566
[3]   In situ observations of the onset of hydrothermal discharge during the 1998 submarine eruption of Axial Volcano, Juan de Fuca Ridge [J].
Baker, ET ;
Fox, CG ;
Cowen, JP .
GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH LETTERS, 1999, 26 (23) :3445-3448
[4]   THE EFFECT OF PARTICLE-SIZE ON THE LIGHT ATTENUATION COEFFICIENT OF NATURAL SUSPENSIONS [J].
BAKER, ET ;
LAVELLE, JW .
JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-OCEANS, 1984, 89 (NC5) :8197-8203
[5]   THE CORRECTION AND SUSPENDED PARTICULATE MATTER CALIBRATION OF SEA TECH TRANSMISSOMETER DATA [J].
BISHOP, JKB .
DEEP-SEA RESEARCH PART A-OCEANOGRAPHIC RESEARCH PAPERS, 1986, 33 (01) :121-134
[6]   Seafloor eruptions and evolution of hydrothermal fluid chemistry [J].
Butterfield, DA ;
Jonasson, IR ;
Massoth, GJ ;
Feely, RA ;
Roe, KK ;
Embley, RE ;
Holden, JF ;
McDuff, RE ;
Lilley, MD ;
Delaney, JR .
PHILOSOPHICAL TRANSACTIONS OF THE ROYAL SOCIETY A-MATHEMATICAL PHYSICAL AND ENGINEERING SCIENCES, 1997, 355 (1723) :369-386
[7]   LABORATORY APPARATUS FOR CALIBRATING OPTICAL SUSPENDED-SOLIDS SENSORS [J].
DOWNING, JP ;
BEACH, RA .
MARINE GEOLOGY, 1989, 86 (2-3) :243-249
[8]   Evidence for iron and sulfur enrichments in hydrothermal plumes at Axial Volcano following the January-February 1998 eruption [J].
Feely, RA ;
Baker, ET ;
Lebon, GT ;
Gendron, JF ;
Resing, JA ;
Cowen, JP .
GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH LETTERS, 1999, 26 (24) :3649-3652
[9]   HYDROTHERMAL PLUMES ALONG THE EAST PACIFIC RISE, 8-DEGREES-40' TO 11-DEGREES-50'N - PARTICLE DISTRIBUTION AND COMPOSITION [J].
FEELY, RA ;
GENDRON, JF ;
BAKER, ET ;
LEBON, GT .
EARTH AND PLANETARY SCIENCE LETTERS, 1994, 128 (1-2) :19-36
[10]   BALTIMORE CANYON AS A MODERN CONDUIT OF SEDIMENT TO THE DEEP-SEA [J].
GARDNER, WD .
DEEP-SEA RESEARCH PART A-OCEANOGRAPHIC RESEARCH PAPERS, 1989, 36 (03) :323-358