SIRT1 and Neural Cell Fate Determination

被引:33
作者
Cai, Yulong [1 ]
Xu, Le [1 ]
Xu, Haiwei [2 ]
Fan, Xiaotang [1 ]
机构
[1] Third Mil Med Univ, Sch Psychol, Dept Dev Neuropsychol, Chongqing 400038, Peoples R China
[2] Third Mil Med Univ, Southwest Hosp, Southwest Eye Hosp, Chongqing 400038, Peoples R China
关键词
SIRT1; Neural stem cells; Neuron; Differentiation; Deacetylation; EMBRYONIC STEM-CELLS; NUCLEAR RECEPTOR TLX; NEURONAL DIFFERENTIATION; DEACETYLASE SIRT1; SELF-RENEWAL; DNA-DAMAGE; TRANSCRIPTIONAL ACTIVATION; HISTONE DEACETYLASE; PROGENITOR CELLS; MAMMALIAN HAIRY;
D O I
10.1007/s12035-015-9158-6
中图分类号
Q189 [神经科学];
学科分类号
071006 ;
摘要
During the development of the central nervous system (CNS), neurons and glia are derived from multipotent neural stem cells (NSCs) undergoing self-renewal. NSC commitment and differentiation are tightly controlled by intrinsic and external regulatory mechanisms in space- and time-related fashions. SIRT1, a silent information regulator 2 (Sir2) ortholog, is expressed in several areas of the brain and has been reported to be involved in the self-renewal, multipotency, and fate determination of NSCs. Recent studies have highlighted the role of the deacetylase activity of SIRT1 in the determination of the final fate of NSCs. This review summarizes the roles of SIRT1 in the expansion and differentiation of NSCs, specification of neuronal subtypes and glial cells, and reprogramming of functional neurons from embryonic stem cells and fibroblasts. This review also discusses potential signaling pathways through which SIRT1 can exhibit versatile functions in NSCs to regulate the cell fate decisions of neurons and glia.
引用
收藏
页码:2815 / 2825
页数:11
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