Domestic gardens and self-reported health: a national population study

被引:61
作者
Brindley, Paul [1 ]
Jorgensen, Anna [1 ]
Maheswaran, Ravi [2 ]
机构
[1] Univ Sheffield, Dept Landscape, Arts Tower,Western Bank, Sheffield S10 2TN, S Yorkshire, England
[2] Univ Sheffield, Publ Hlth GIS Unit, Sch Hlth & Related Res, Regent Court, 30 Regent St, Sheffield S1 4DA, S Yorkshire, England
来源
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF HEALTH GEOGRAPHICS | 2018年 / 17卷
基金
英国生物技术与生命科学研究理事会; 英国自然环境研究理事会;
关键词
Domestic gardens; Greenspace; General health; UK census; Health inequalities; URBAN GREEN SPACE; NATURAL-ENVIRONMENT; PRIVATE GARDENS; MENTAL-HEALTH; BENEFITS; AREAS; INDICATORS; ENGLAND;
D O I
10.1186/s12942-018-0148-6
中图分类号
R1 [预防医学、卫生学];
学科分类号
1004 ; 120402 ;
摘要
Background: There is a growing recognition of the health benefits of the natural environment. Whilst domestic gardens account for a significant proportion of greenspace in urban areas, few studies, and no population level studies, have investigated their potential health benefits. With gardens offering immediate interaction with nature on our doorsteps, we hypothesise that garden size will affect general health-with smaller domestic gardens associated with poorer health. Methods: A small area ecological design was undertaken using two separate analyses based on data from the 2001 and 2011 UK census. The urban population of England was classified into'quintiles' based on deprivation (Index of Multiple Deprivation) and average garden size (Generalised Land Use Database). Self-reported general health was obtained from the UK population census. We controlled for greenspace exposure, population density, air pollution, house prices, smoking, and geographic location. Models were stratified to explore the associations. Results: Smaller domestic gardens were associated with a higher prevalence of self-reported poor health. The adjusted prevalence ratio of poor self-reported general health for the quintile with smallest average garden size was 1.13 (95% CI 1.12-1.14) relative to the quintile with the largest gardens. Additionally, the analysis suggested that income-related inequalities in health were greater in areas with smaller gardens. The adjusted prevalence ratio for poor self-reported general health for the most income deprived quintile compared against the least deprived was 1.72 (95% CI 1.64-1.79) in the areas with the smallest gardens, compared to 1.31 (95% CI 1.21-1.42) in areas with the largest gardens. Conclusions: Residents of areas with small domestic gardens have the highest levels of poor health/health inequality related to income deprivation. Although causality needs to be confirmed, the implications for new housing are that adequate garden sizes may be an important means of reducing socioeconomic health inequalities. These findings suggest that the trend for continued urban densification and new housing with minimal gardens could have adverse impacts on health.
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页数:11
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