Adverse quality of life consequences of antiretroviral medications

To identify the effects of antiretroviral therapy on quality of life, we performed a qualitative content analysis of the Medical Outcomes Study-Human Immunodeficiency Virus (MOS-HIV) Health Survey. We used focus groups to elicit views about antiretroviral effects on quality of life from a purposive sample of treatment-experienced participants. Data were analysed using a grounded theory approach. We appraised the content of the MOS-HIV against the themes identified from our analysis. Participants also completed the MOS-HIV survey and were asked whether the survey captured all important medication-related aspects of quality of life. Participants (n = 38) viewed the use of antiretrovirals as a trade-off between poorer quality of life and being alive. The net effect was increased longevity but without hope and future. Features of quality of life included the downstream consequences of side effects and toxicities, tensions with health care providers and loss of independent decision-making, dilemmas regarding drugs and career, burdens of medication-taking responsibilities, and the stress of living life under a pretense and hiding an HIV diagnosis. The MOS-HIV missed or under-emphasised these features. Quality of life concerns of people living with HIV, particularly those related to medication use, are not well. captured by the MOS-HIV. A broad concept of quality of life is needed to encompass all dimensions important to people living with HIV.