The influence of gender and parental attitudes on preschool children's interest in babies: Observations in natural settings

This paper reports on two studies of parents' observations of their preschool children's interactions with infants. In Study 1 parents observed 69 3- and 5-year-old white children with three nonsibling infants whom the children encountered during their daily lives. In Study 2 parents observed 46 3- to 6-year-old primarily white children with three nonsibling infants and completed measures of their own gender-related child-rearing attitudes. Consistent with findings front previous laboratory research, this research in naturalistic settings found girls to show more interest in, more nurturance toward, and more interaction with babies than did boys. In Study 2, children whose parents had traditional gender-stereotyped attitudes were more likely to show this gender difference than children whose parents had more egalitarian child-rearing attitudes.