Surface-modified carbons as platinum catalyst support for PEM fuel cells

被引:185
作者
Guha, Abhishek
Lu, Weijie
Zawodzinski, Thomas A., Jr.
Schiraldi, David A.
机构
[1] Case Western Reserve Univ, Dept Macromol Sci & Engn, Cleveland, OH 44106 USA
[2] Case Western Reserve Univ, Case Adv Power Inst, Cleveland, OH 44106 USA
[3] Fisk Univ, Dept Phys, Nashville, TN 37208 USA
[4] Case Western Reserve Univ, Dept Chem Engn, Cleveland, OH 44106 USA
关键词
D O I
10.1016/j.carbon.2007.03.023
中图分类号
O64 [物理化学(理论化学)、化学物理学];
学科分类号
070304 ; 081704 ;
摘要
Carbon forms, such as activated carbon, carbon black, carbon nanofibers and nanotubes, can be used as support materials for precious metal catalysts used in fuel cell electrodes. This work first compares the ability of functionalized high surface area graphitic (carbon nanofibers) and amorphous (activated carbon) carbons to homogeneously support finely divided platinum catalyst particles, then contrasts the performance of platinum/carbon composite electrodes within a hydrogen fuel cell. Functionalization by concentrated acid treatment results in the creation of various oxygen carrying functionalities on the otherwise inert carbon surfaces. The degree of surface functionalization is found to be a function of the functionalization treatment strength. Chemical reduction of the platinum precursor complex using milder reducing agents in the temperature range of 75-85 degrees C, and using ethylene glycol at 140 degrees C yields the smallest platinum particle sizes observed in this study, a result confirmed by X-ray diffraction and transmission electron microscopy measurements. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy measurements confirm the existence of platinum in primarily its metallic state on the functionalized carbon surfaces. (c) 2007 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
引用
收藏
页码:1506 / 1517
页数:12
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