A clinical trial comparing primary stenting of the infarct-related artery with optimal primary angioplasty for acute myocardial infarction - Results from the Florence Randomized Elective Stenting in Acute Coronary Occlusions (FRESCO) trial

Objectives, This study sought to compare stenting of the primary infarct related artery (IRA) with optimal primary percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty (PTCA) with respect to clinical and angiographic outcomes of patients with an acute myocardial infarction, Background. Early and late restenosis or reocclusion of the IRA after successful primary PTCA significantly contributes to increased patient morbidity and mortality, Coronary stenting results in a lower rate of angiographic and clinical restenosis than standard PTCA in patients with angina and with previously untreated, noncomplex lesions. Methods, After successful primary PTCA, 150 patients were randomly assigned to elective stenting or no further intervention. The primary end point of the trial was a composite end point, defined as death, reinfarction or repeat target vessel revascularization as a consequence of recurrent ischemia within 6 months of randomization. The secondary end point was angiographic evidence of restenosis or reocclusion at 6 months after randomization, Results, Stenting of the IRA was successful in all patients randomized to stent treatment. At 6 months, the incidence of the primary end point was 9% in the stent group and 28% in the PTCA group (p = 0.003); the incidence of restenosis or reocclusion was 17% in the stent group and 43% in the PTCA group (p = 0.001), Conclusions. Primary stenting of the IRA, compared with optimal primary angioplasty, results in a lower rate of major adverse events related to recurrent ischemia and a lower rate of angiographically detected restenosis or reocclusion of the IRA.