Impact of the metabolic syndrome on mortality from coronary heart disease, cardiovascular disease, and all causes in United States adults

被引:1319
作者
Malik, S
Wong, ND
Franklin, SS
Kamath, TV
L'Italien, GJ
Pio, JR
Williams, GR
机构
[1] Univ Calif Irvine, Dept Med, Heart Dis Prevent Program, Irvine, CA 92697 USA
[2] Bristol Myers Squibb Co, Pharmaceut Res Inst, Princeton, NJ 08543 USA
关键词
diabetes mellitus; risk factors; metabolic syndrome X; mortality;
D O I
10.1161/01.CIR.0000140677.20606.0E
中图分类号
R5 [内科学];
学科分类号
1002 ; 100201 ;
摘要
Background-Mortality resulting from coronary heart disease (CHD), cardiovascular disease (CVD), and all causes in persons with diabetes and pre-existing CVD is high; however, these risks compared with those with metabolic syndrome (MetS) are unclear. We examined the impact of MetS on CHD, CVD, and overall mortality among US adults. Methods and Results-In a prospective cohort study, 6255 subjects 30 to 75 years of age (54% female) ( representative of 64 million adults in the United States) from the Second National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey were followed for a mean +/- SD of 13.3 +/- 3.8 years. MetS was defined by modified National Cholesterol Education Program criteria. From sample-weighted multivariable Cox proportional-hazards regression, compared with those with neither MetS nor prior CVD, age-, gender-, and risk factor-adjusted hazard ratios (HRs) for CHD mortality were 2.02 (95% CI, 1.42 to 2.89) for those with MetS and 4.19 (95% CI, 3.04 to 5.79) for those with pre-existing CVD. For CVD mortality, HRs were 1.82 (95% CI, 1.40 to 2.37) and 3.14 (95% CI, 2.49 to 3.96), respectively; for overall mortality, HRs were 1.40 (95% CI, 1.19 to 1.66) and 1.87 (95% CI, 1.60 to 2.17), respectively. In persons with MetS but without diabetes, risks of CHD and CVD mortality remained elevated. Diabetes predicted all mortality end points. Those with even 1 to 2 MetS risk factors were at increased risk for mortality from CHD and CVD. Moreover, MetS more strongly predicts CHD, CVD, and total mortality than its individual components. Conclusions-CHD, CVD, and total mortality are significantly higher in US adults with than in those without MetS.
引用
收藏
页码:1245 / 1250
页数:6
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