Value orientations: impact and implications in the extension of complex farming systems

Many agricultural extension programs are based on principles of participation, adult learning and action learning. Underlying reasons for adopting a participation approach include: the increasing complexity of agricultural and environmental problems; the uncertainty associated with recommendations; and a need for local learning communities. Resource management issues such as salinity and industry problems such as those faced by the wool industry, are forcing landholders to review their current farm practices and consider fundamental shifts in the way agriculture is conducted and indeed how it is considered within this changing landscape. In addressing these issues, it is important that those working with farmers understand the values and goals they are bringing to the planning table since these important human qualities underpin most decisions made and actions taken. This study into value orientations of farmers was undertaken in the wheatbelt of Western Australia. One hundred and forty one farmers, working in landcare catchment groups, were surveyed. The results of this study show a shift in value orientations over the last 19 years and leaving a legacy is significantly more important for fanners in the 1990s than in the 1970s. The results also show that these longer-term ideals co-exist with a focus on short-term security and investment. The implications of these results are important for those working with catchment and industry groups, particularly when planning for future management of the landscape and farming system. It is particularly relevant to those endeavouring to bring about fundamental shifts in the way we think about farming systems and their integration into the local landscape.