Thiopental or etomidate for rapid sequence induction with rocuronium?

We have assessed the effect of the choice of i.v. induction agent on intubation conditions, 60 s after administration of rocuronium 0.6 mg kg(-1) We studied 60 adult patients, allocated randomly to one of two groups. Anaesthesia was induced with alfentanil 10 mu g kg(-1) followed by thiopental 5 mg kg(-1) (AT-R group; n=30) or etomidate 0.3 mg kg(-1) (AE-R group; n=30). Both groups received rocuronium 0.6 mg kg(-1). Laryngoscopy was started 60 s later and intubation conditions were evaluated according to a standard score, which considered ease of laryngoscopy, condition of the vocal cords and reaction to intubation. In the AT-R group, overall intubation conditions were scored as excellent in 20 patients, good in nine and fair in the remaining patient. In the AE-R group, overall intubating conditions were excellent in 24 and good in six patients. The difference between the two groups was not significant. Of the three components of the intubation score assessed, response to intubation stimulus was significantly less pronounced in group AE-R compared with group AT-R (P<0.05): group AE-R, no reaction in 24 patients, slight diaphragmatic movement in five and mild coughing in one patient; group AT-R, no reaction in 13, slight diaphragmatic movement in 14, mild coughing in two and severe coughing in one patient. We conclude that etomidate as part of an induction regimen containing alfentanil and rocuronium attenuated the reaction to intubation to a greater extent than thiopental.