Biochemistry and biology of mammalian DNA methyltransferases

被引：397

作者：

Hermann, A

Gowher, H

Jeltsch, A

机构：

[1] Univ Giessen, Inst Biochem, FB 8, D-35392 Giessen, Germany

[2] Int Jacobs Univ Bremen, Sch Sci & Engn, D-28759 Bremen, Germany

来源：

CELLULAR AND MOLECULAR LIFE SCIENCES | 2004年 / 61卷 / 19-20期

关键词：

DNA methylation; DNA methyltransferase; Dnmt1; Dnmt3a; Dnmt3b; epigenetics; regulation of gene expression;

D O I：

10.1007/s00018-004-4201-1

中图分类号：

Q5 [生物化学]; Q7 [分子生物学];

学科分类号：

071010 ; 081704 ;

摘要：

DNA methylation is a stable but not irreversible epigenetic signal that silences gene expression. It has a variety of important functions in mammals, including control of gene expression, cellular differentiation and development, preservation of chromosomal integrity, parental imprinting and X-chromosome inactivation. In addition, it has been implicated in brain function and the development of the immune system. Somatic alterations in genomic methylation patterns contribute to the etiology of human cancers and ageing. It is tightly interwoven with the modification of histone tails and other epigenetic signals. Here we review our current understanding of the molecular enzymology of the mammalian DNA methyltransferases Dnmt1, Dnmt3a, Dnmt3b and Dnmt2 and the roles of the enzymes in the above-mentioned biological processes.

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页码：2571 / 2587

页数：17

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