Habitat fragmentation causes immediate and time-delayed biodiversity loss at different trophic levels

被引：603

作者：

Krauss, Jochen ^{[1
]}

Bommarco, Riccardo ^{[2
]}

Guardiola, Moises ^{[3
]}

Heikkinen, Risto K. ^{[4
]}

Helm, Aveliina ^{[5
]}

Kuussaari, Mikko ^{[4
]}

Lindborg, Regina ^{[6
]}

Ockinger, Erik ^{[2
]}

Partel, Meelis ^{[5
]}

Pino, Joan ^{[3
]}

Poyry, Juha ^{[4
]}

Raatikainen, Katja M. ^{[4
]}

Sang, Anu ^{[5
]}

Stefanescu, Constant ^{[7
]}

Teder, Tiit ^{[5
]}

Zobel, Martin ^{[5
]}

Steffan-Dewenter, Ingolf ^{[1
]}

机构：

[1] Univ Bayreuth, Populat Ecol Grp, Dept Anim Ecol 1, D-95447 Bayreuth, Germany

[2] Swedish Univ Agr Sci, Dept Ecol, SE-75007 Uppsala, Sweden

[3] Autonomous Univ Barcelona, CREAF Ctr Ecol Res & Forestry Applicat, E-08193 Barcelona, Spain

[4] Finnish Environm Inst, Res Programme Biodivers, FI-00251 Helsinki, Finland

[5] Univ Tartu, Inst Ecol & Earth Sci, EE-511005 Tartu, Estonia

[6] Stockholm Univ, Dept Syst Ecol, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden

[7] Museu Granollers Ciencies Nat, E-08402 Granollers, Spain

来源：

ECOLOGY LETTERS | 2010年 / 13卷 / 05期

关键词：

Conservation; extinction cascades; extinction debt; grassland communities; habitat loss; habitat management; landscape change; relaxation time; species longevity; TROPICAL FOREST FRAGMENTS; EXTINCTION DEBT; SPECIES RICHNESS; CALCAREOUS GRASSLANDS; CLIMATE-CHANGE; PLANT; CONSERVATION; BUTTERFLIES; CRISIS; LANDSCAPES;

D O I：

10.1111/j.1461-0248.2010.01457.x

中图分类号：

Q14 [生态学（生物生态学）];

学科分类号：

071012 ; 0713 ;

摘要：

P>Intensification or abandonment of agricultural land use has led to a severe decline of semi-natural habitats across Europe. This can cause immediate loss of species but also time-delayed extinctions, known as the extinction debt. In a pan-European study of 147 fragmented grassland remnants, we found differences in the extinction debt of species from different trophic levels. Present-day species richness of long-lived vascular plant specialists was better explained by past than current landscape patterns, indicating an extinction debt. In contrast, short-lived butterfly specialists showed no evidence for an extinction debt at a time scale of c. 40 years. Our results indicate that management strategies maintaining the status quo of fragmented habitats are insufficient, as time-delayed extinctions and associated co-extinctions will lead to further biodiversity loss in the future.

引用

页码：597 / 605

页数：9

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