Metabolic activities of ginsenoside Rb1, baicalin, glycyrrhizin and geniposide to their bioactive compounds by human intestinal microflora

To evaluate the pharmacological actions of herbal medicines, metabolic activities of herbal medicine components, ginsenoside Rbl, glycyrrhizin, geniposide and baicalin to their bioactive compounds compound K, 18beta-glycyrrhetic acid, genipin and baicalein by fecal specimens were measured. Their metabolic activities were 646.1+/-591.4, 29.4+/-51.7, 926.3+/-569.6 and 3884.6+/-1400.1 mumol/h/g, respectively. The profiles of these metabolic activities of baicalin and ginsenoside Rbl were not significantly different to those of water extracts of Scutellariae Radix and Ginseng Radix. None of the metabolic activities tested were different between males and females, or between ages. However, the difference in these metabolic activities in individuals was significant. These results suggest that the human intestinal microflora enzymes that convert herbal components to their bioactive compounds may be used as selection markers of responders to traditional medicines.