The synthesis and morphology characteristic study of BAO-ODPA polyimide/TiO2 nano hybrid films

Hybrid nanocomposite films of titanium dioxide (TiO2) in polyimide (PI) from 2,5-bis(4-aminophenyl)-1,3,4-oxadiazole (BAO) and 4,4'-1-oxydiphthalic anhydride (ODPA) have been successfully fabricated by an in situ sol-gel process. These nanocomposite films exhibit fair good optical transparency up to 40 wt% of TiO2 Content. X-ray diffraction spectroscopy shows three sharp peaks in pure BAO-ODPA PI. It results from the intermolecular regularity. However, the intermolecular regularity in the hybrid film is disrupted by the introduction of TiO2 nanoparticles with no sharp peak in XRD spectra. Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) results confirm the formation of TiO2 particles in PI matrix. The surface Ti content is much lower than the theoretical bulk content in all hybrid films. The ratio of the former to the latter increases with the TiO2 content and levels off at TiO2 wt% greater than or equal to 20. Transmission electron microscope (TEM) images show that the TiO2 phase is well dispersed in the polymer matrix. The size of the TiO2 phase increases from 10 to 40 nm when the TiO2 content is 5-30 wt%, respectively. (C) 2003 Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved.