Comparative Delivery of Diltiazem Hydrochloride Through Synthesized Polymer: Hydrogel and Hydrogel Microspheres

In this study, interpenetrating polymer network (IPN) hydrogel based on polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) networking with polyacrylic acid (PAA) were prepared by a non-conventional emulsion method without any added crosslinker, using benzoyl peroxide as initiator and sodium chloride (NaCl) as additive. The IPN hydrogel was characterized by using Fourier transformed infrared (FTIR) spectrophotometry, Thermo gravimetric analysis (TGA), and Scanning electron microscopy (SEM). (PVA-co-PAA)/NaCl normal IPN hydrogel (H) were fabricated into hydrogel microspheres (HM) by modified emulsion cross-linking method using glutaraldehyde-saturated toluene as crosslinker and were loaded with Diltiazem hydrochloride (DL). The IPN hydrogel showed more swelling in simulated intestinal fluid (SIF). (PVA-co-PAA)/NaCl HM formulation A1 showed comparatively higher DL entrapment (79%) and better control over DL release up to 24 h. By comparing antihypertensive activity of DL loaded two formulations in normotensive rats, HM formulation A1 found more effective in reducing blood pressure to 40.1%. The experimental results demonstrated that (PVA-co-PAA)/NaCl HM had the greater potential than normal hydrogel to be used as a drug carrier. A single use of the prepared hydrogel microsphere system of DL can effectively control hypertension in rats. The system holds promise for clinical studies. (C) 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polyrn Sci 116: 959-968, 2010