The rhythmic GABAergic system

被引:59
作者
Cardinali, DP [1 ]
Golombek, DA [1 ]
机构
[1] Univ Buenos Aires, Fac Med, Dept Fisiol, RA-1425 Buenos Aires, DF, Argentina
关键词
GABA; circadian rhythms; suprachiasmatic nuclei; melatonin; benzodiazepine; GABA receptors; neurosteroids;
D O I
10.1023/A:1022426519297
中图分类号
Q5 [生物化学]; Q7 [分子生物学];
学科分类号
071010 ; 081704 ;
摘要
GABA is the major inhibitory neurotransmitter in the mammalian brain, and has been implicated in the regulation of a variety of behavioral functions, including biological rhythms. The focus of this minireview is the rhythmic variation of the central GABAergic system, comprising fluctuations of GABA levels and turnover, GABA receptor affinity and postsynaptic activity on the chloride ionophore in rodent's brain. Neurochemical rhythms correlated with diurnal and circadian changes in several behaviors associated with the GABA(A) receptor, e.g., anxiolysis-related behavior. GABA is considered to be the principal neurotransmitter of the mammalian circadian system, being present in the suprachiasmatic nuclei and the intergeniculate leaflet. Pharmacological manipulations of GABA(A) receptors phase shift circadian rhythms and alter circadian responses to light. Administration of putative modulators of GABA function, like melatonin or neuroactive steroids, affects the timing of biological rhythms. Therefore, not only does the GABAergic system exhibit strong diurnal and circadian variations, but it also serves as one of the key modulators of the circadian apparatus.
引用
收藏
页码:607 / 614
页数:8
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