Atomic resolution (0.94 Å) structure of Clostridium acidurici ferredoxin.: Detailed geometry of [4Fe-4S] clusters in a protein

The crystal structure of the 2[4Fe-4S] ferredoxin from Clostridium acidurici has been solved using X-ray diffraction data extending to atomic resolution, 0.94 Angstrom, recorded at 100 K. The model was refined with anisotropic representation of atomic displacement parameters for all non-hydrogen atoms and with hydrogens riding on their parent atoms. Stereochemical restraints were applied to the protein chain but not to the iron-sulfur clusters. The final R factor is 10.03 % for all data. Inversion of the final least-squares matrix allowed direct estimation of the errors of individual parameters. The estimated errors in positions for protein main chain atoms are below 0.02 Angstrom and about 0.003 Angstrom for the heavier [4Fe-4S] cluster atoms. Significant differences between the stereochemistry of the two clusters and distortion of both of them from ideal T-d tetrahedral symmetry can be defined in detail at this level of accuracy. Regions of alternative conformations include not only protein side chains but also two regions of the main chain. One such region is the loop of residues 25-29, which was highly disordered in the room temperature structure.