In vitro response of monocyte-derived macrophages to a decellularized pericardial biomaterial

Decellularized tissue-derived heart valves are all example of biomaterials derived from natural scaffolds. These types of implants are increasing in popularity although their in vivo performance is still only poorly understood and has, at times, been catastrophic. It is apparent that better understanding is required before these biomaterials can be used safely. In this study, the human monocyte-derived macrophage (MDM) response to decellularized bovine pericardium (DBP) Was used as a model to predict the biological performance of these materials oil implaotation. Human monocytes differentiated on tissue Culture polystyrene (TCPS) for 14 days were trypsinized and reseeded onto DBP, TCPS, and polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) for 48 h. The MDMs on DBP contained less intracellular and extracellular esterase activity compared with MDMs oil TCPS and PDMS, as well as less acid phosphatase activity than oil TCPS. As well, morphologically, MDMs oil DBP were less spread, less multinucleated and did not display many lamellipodia. Taken together, these data represent the first evidence of the MDM response to intact, native extracellular matrix, demonstrating that these cells reacted with all altered, possibly reduced foreign body response oil this natural scaffold compared with the two control surfaces. This in vitro MDM cell model may provide a novel method for predicting and elucidating the biological performance Of tissue-derived biomaterials, thereby directing a more rational design of biomaterials for tissue regeneration purposes. (C) 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Matcr Res 93A: 280-288, 2010