Western Indian Ocean coral communities:: bleaching responses and susceptibility to extinction

被引:215
作者
McClanahan, T. R.
Ateweberhan, M.
Graham, N. A. J.
Wilson, S. K.
Sebastian, C. Ruiz
Guillaume, M. M. M.
Bruggemann, J. H.
机构
[1] Wildlife Conservat Soc, Marine Program, Bronx, NY 10460 USA
[2] Coral Reef Conservat Project, Mombasa, Kenya
[3] Univ Newcastle, Sch Marine Sci & Technol, Newcastle Upon Tyne NE1 7RU, Tyne & Wear, England
[4] Australian Inst Marine Sci, Townsville, Qld 4810, Australia
[5] Univ Western Cape, Adv Res Ctr Appl Microbiol, ZA-7535 Bellville, South Africa
[6] BOME UMR 5178 CNRS UPMC MNHN, Museum Hist Nat, Dept Milieux Peuplements Aquat, F-75005 Paris, France
[7] Univ Reunion, Lab Ecol Marine, St Denis 97715, Reunion, France
关键词
ENSO; biodiversity; climate change; degree heating weeks; meta-population; monitoring; remote sensing; seawater temperature; CLIMATE-CHANGE; REEF; MORTALITY; BIODIVERSITY; RECRUITMENT; RECOVERY; IMPACTS; EVENT; CONSERVATION; REGENERATION;
D O I
10.3354/meps337001
中图分类号
Q14 [生态学(生物生态学)];
学科分类号
071012 ; 0713 ;
摘要
A field study of coral bleaching and coral communities was undertaken spanning 8 countries and similar to 35 degrees of latitude in 2005. This was combined with studies in southern Kenya and northeast Madagascar in 1998 and Mauritius in 2004 to develop a synoptic analysis of coral community structure, bleaching response, susceptibility of the communities to bleaching, and the relative risk of extinctions in western Indian Ocean coral reefs. Cluster analysis identified 8 distinct coral communities among the 91 sites sampled, with 2 distinct communities in northern South Africa and central Mozambique, a third in the central atolls of the Maldives, and 5 less differentiated groups, in a swath from southern Kenya to Mauritius, including Tanzania, the granitic islands of the Seychelles, northeast Madagascar, and Reunion. Massive Porites, Pavona, and Pociflopora dominated the central and northern Indian Ocean sites and, from historical records, replaced dominance by Acropora and Montipora. From southern Kenya to Mauritius, coral communities were less disturbed, with Acropora and Montipora dominating, and a mix of subdominants including branching Porites, Fungia, Galaxea, massive Porites, Pocillopora, and Synarea. The survey identified an area from southernmost Kenya to Tanzania as having the least disturbed and highest diversity reefs, and as being a regional priority for management. Taxa vulnerable to future extinction based on their response to warm water, population density, and commonness include largely low-diversity genera with narrow environmental ranges, such as Gyrosmilia interrupta, Plesiastrea versipora, PlerogyTa sinuosai and Physogyra lichtensteini.
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页码:1 / 13
页数:13
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