Children's working-memory processes: A response-timing analysis

被引:105
作者
Cowan, N
Towse, JN
Hamilton, Z
Saults, JS
Elliott, EM
Lacey, JF
Moreno, MV
Hitch, GJ
机构
[1] Univ Missouri, Dept Psychol, Columbia, MO 65211 USA
[2] Univ Lancaster, Dept Psychol, Fylde Coll, Lancaster LA1 4YF, England
[3] Univ London Royal Holloway & Bedford New Coll, Dept Psychol, Egham TW20 0EX, Surrey, England
[4] Univ York, Dept Psychol, York YO1 5DD, N Yorkshire, England
关键词
D O I
10.1037/0096-3445.132.1.113
中图分类号
B84 [心理学];
学科分类号
04 ; 0402 ;
摘要
Recall response durations were used to clarify processing in working-memory tasks. Experiment 1 examined children's performance in reading span, a task in which sentences were processed and the final word of each sentence was retained for subsequent recall. Experiment 2 examined the development of listening-, counting-, and digit-span task performance. Responses were much longer in the reading- and listening-span tasks than in the other span tasks, suggesting that participants in sentence-based span tasks take time to retrieve the semantic or linguistic structure as cues to recall of the sentence-final words. Response durations in working-memory tasks helped to predict academic skills and achievement, largely separate from the contributions of the memory spans themselves Response durations thus are important in the interpretation of span task performance.
引用
收藏
页码:113 / 132
页数:20
相关论文
共 60 条
[1]   Individual differences in working memory within a nomological network of cognitive and perceptual speed abilities [J].
Ackerman, PL ;
Beier, ME ;
Boyle, MO .
JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL PSYCHOLOGY-GENERAL, 2002, 131 (04) :567-589
[2]  
[Anonymous], 1986, OXFORD PSYCHOL SERIE
[3]   The episodic buffer: a new component of working memory? [J].
Baddeley, A .
TRENDS IN COGNITIVE SCIENCES, 2000, 4 (11) :417-423
[4]   The complexities of complex span: Explaining individual differences in working memory in children and adults [J].
Bayliss, DM ;
Jarrold, C ;
Gunn, DM ;
Baddeley, AD .
JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL PSYCHOLOGY-GENERAL, 2003, 132 (01) :71-92
[5]   Developmental differences in visual and auditory processing of complex sentences [J].
Booth, JR ;
MacWhinney, B ;
Harasaki, Y .
CHILD DEVELOPMENT, 2000, 71 (04) :981-1003
[6]  
Busemeyer J. R., 1993, TIME PRESSURE STRESS, P181
[7]   OPERATIONAL EFFICIENCY AND THE GROWTH OF SHORT-TERM-MEMORY SPAN [J].
CASE, R ;
KURLAND, DM ;
GOLDBERG, J .
JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL CHILD PSYCHOLOGY, 1982, 33 (03) :386-404
[8]  
CHASE WG, 1977, ATTENTION PERFORM, V6, P607
[9]   Verbal and spatial short-term memory: Common sources of developmental change? [J].
Chuah, YML ;
Maybery, MT .
JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL CHILD PSYCHOLOGY, 1999, 73 (01) :7-44
[10]   EFFECT OF SYLLABIC WORD LENGTH ON MEMORY-SEARCH RATE [J].
CLIFTON, C ;
TASH, J .
JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL PSYCHOLOGY, 1973, 99 (02) :231-235