Molecular pathogenesis of inherited hypertension with hyperkalemia: The Na-Cl cotransporter is inhibited by wild-type but not mutant WNK4

被引:323
作者
Wilson, FH
Kahle, KT
Sabath, E
Lalioti, MD
Rapson, AK
Hoover, RS
Hebert, SC
Gamba, G
Lifton, RP
机构
[1] Yale Univ, Sch Med, Dept Genet, New Haven, CT 06510 USA
[2] Yale Univ, Sch Med, Dept Med, New Haven, CT 06510 USA
[3] Yale Univ, Sch Med, Dept Biochem & Mol Biophys, New Haven, CT 06510 USA
[4] Yale Univ, Sch Med, Howard Hughes Med Inst, New Haven, CT 06510 USA
[5] Yale Univ, Sch Med, Dept Mol & Cellular Physiol, New Haven, CT 06510 USA
[6] Univ Nacl Autonoma Mexico, Mol Phys Unit, Inst Nacl Ciencias Med & Nutr Salvador Zubiran, Mexico City 14000, DF, Mexico
[7] Univ Nacl Autonoma Mexico, Inst Invest Biomed, Mexico City 14000, DF, Mexico
关键词
protein serine-threonine kinases; hypertension; thiazide-sensitive Na-Cl cotransporter; ion transport; medical genetics;
D O I
10.1073/pnas.242735399
中图分类号
O [数理科学和化学]; P [天文学、地球科学]; Q [生物科学]; N [自然科学总论];
学科分类号
07 ; 0710 ; 09 ;
摘要
Mutations in the serine-threonine kinases WNK1 and WNK4 [with no lysine (K) at a key catalytic residue] cause pseudohypoaldosteronism type II (PHAII), a Mendelian disease featuring hypertension, hyperkalemia, hyperchloremia, and metabolic acidosis. Both kinases are expressed in the distal nephron, although the regulators and targets of WNK signaling cascades are unknown. The Cl- dependence of PHAII phenotypes, their sensitivity to thiazide diuretics, and the observation that they constitute a "mirror image" of the phenotypes resulting from loss of function mutations in the thiazide-sensitive Na-Cl cotransporter (NCCT) suggest that PHAII may result from increased NCCT activity due to altered WNK signaling. To address this possibility, we measured NCCT-mediated Na+ influx and membrane expression in the presence of wild-type and mutant WNK4 by heterologous expression in Xenopus oocytes. Wild-type WNK4 inhibits NCCT-mediated Na-influx by reducing membrane expression of the cotransporter (Na-22-influx reduced 50%, P < 1 x 10(-9), surface expression reduced 75%, p < 1 X 10(-14) in the presence of WNK4). This inhibition depends on WNK4 kinase activity, because missense mutations that abrogate kinase function prevent this effect. PHAII-causinig missense mutations, which are remote from the kinase domain, also prevent inhibition of NCCT activity, providing insight into the pathophysiology of the disorder. The specificity of this effect is indicated by the finding that WNK4 and the carboxyl terminus of NCCT coimmunoprecipitate when expressed in HEK 293T cells. Together, these findings demonstrate that WNK4 negatively regulates surface expression of NCCT and implicate loss of this regulation in the molecular pathogenesis of an inherited form of hypertension.
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页码:680 / 684
页数:5
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