Stochastic models of evolution in genetics, ecology and linguistics

We give an overview of stochastic models of evolution that have found applications in genetics, ecology and linguistics for an audience of non-specialists, especially statistical physicists. In particular, we focus mostly on neutral models in which no intrinsic advantage is ascribed to a particular type of the variable unit, for example a gene, appearing in the theory. In many cases these models are exactly solvable and furthermore go some way to describing observed features of genetic, ecological and linguistic systems.