Structural dynamics of dendritic spines in memory and cognition

被引:706
作者
Kasai, Haruo [1 ,2 ]
Fukuda, Masahiro [1 ,2 ]
Watanabe, Satoshi [1 ,2 ]
Hayashi-Takagi, Akiko [3 ]
Noguchi, Jun [1 ,2 ]
机构
[1] Univ Tokyo, Lab Struct Physiol, Ctr Dis Biol & Integrat Med, Fac Med,Bunkyo Ku, Tokyo 1130033, Japan
[2] Univ Tokyo, Ctr NanoBio Integrat, Bunkyo Ku, Tokyo 1130033, Japan
[3] Johns Hopkins Univ, Sch Med, Dept Psychiat & Behav Neurosci, Baltimore, MD USA
关键词
LONG-TERM POTENTIATION; CENTRAL-NERVOUS-SYSTEM; HIPPOCAMPAL SYNAPSES; SYNAPTIC PLASTICITY; NMDA RECEPTORS; IN-VIVO; MENTAL-RETARDATION; VISUAL-CORTEX; MORPHOLOGICAL PLASTICITY; NEUROLOGICAL DISORDERS;
D O I
10.1016/j.tins.2010.01.001
中图分类号
Q189 [神经科学];
学科分类号
071006 [神经生物学];
摘要
Recent studies show that dendritic spines are dynamic structures. Their rapid creation, destruction and shape-changing are essential for short- and long-term plasticity at excitatory synapses on pyramidal neurons in the cerebral cortex. The onset of long-term potentiation, spine-volume growth and an increase in receptor trafficking are coincident, enabling a 'functional readout' of spine structure that links the age, size, strength and lifetime of a synapse. Spine dynamics are also implicated in long-term memory and cognition: intrinsic fluctuations in volume can explain synapse maintenance over long periods, and rapid, activity-triggered plasticity can relate directly to cognitive processes. Thus, spine dynamics are cellular phenomena with important implications for cognition and memory. Furthermore, impaired spine dynamics can cause psychiatric and neurodevelopmental disorders.
引用
收藏
页码:121 / 129
页数:9
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