Absence of a significant interaction between a Haemophilus influenzae conjugate vaccine combined with a diphtheria toroid, tetanus toroid and acellular pertussis vaccine in the same syringe and inactivated polio vaccine

Background We compared the antibody response to Haemophilus influenzae type b capsular polysaccharide (PRP) after three doses of a diphtheria toroid, tetanus toroid and acellular pertussis vaccine (DTaP) combined with a PRP-tetanus conjugate (PRP-T) in infants randomized to receive oral polio vaccine (OPV) or inactivated polio vaccine (IPV). The polio vaccine was given separately at the same visit. Methods. Three hundred fifty-six infants from pediatric practices in suburban Chicago and New Orleans were randomized into two groups. Group A received OPV at 2 and 4 months of age; Group B received IPV at 2 and 4 months of age. Both groups received DTaP/PRP-T at 2, 4 and 6 months of age and hepatitis B vaccine at 2 and 4 months of age. A serum sample was obtained before immunization (age 2 months) and 1 month after 3 doses of DTaP/PRP-T (age 7 months). Sera were assayed for antibody responses to all relevant vaccine antigens. Results. No significant vaccine antigen interference was found when polio immunization was provided by IPV or OPV for anti-PRP, diphtheria, tetanus or pertussis antibodies. OPV recipients had a significantly higher mean antibody response to serotype 1 (P = 0.03) and 2 (P = 0.0001) poliovirus. Conclusion. Whether polio immunization was accomplished with IPV or OPV did not significantly influence the antibody responses in sera obtained at 7 months of age for anti-PRP, antidiphtheria and anti-tetanus toroid antibodies and antibodies to pertussis antigens, when DTaP/PRP-T was given in the primary series.