Differences between men and women in side effects of second-generation antipsychotics

被引:19
作者
Aichhorn, W.
Whitworth, A. B.
Weiss, E. M.
Hinterhuber, H.
Marksteiner, J.
机构
[1] Med Univ Innsbruck, Abt Allgemeine Psychiat, A-6020 Innsbruck, Austria
[2] Salzburg Univ, Klin Psychiat 1, Paracelsus MPU, A-5020 Salzburg, Austria
来源
NERVENARZT | 2007年 / 78卷 / 01期
关键词
second-generation antipsychotics; gender specific differences; side effects; ATYPICAL ANTIPSYCHOTICS; GENDER-DIFFERENCES; WEIGHT-GAIN; MENSTRUAL-CYCLE; SERUM CONCENTRATIONS; SEXUAL DYSFUNCTION; DIABETES-MELLITUS; PROLACTIN LEVELS; PLASMA-LEVELS; RISK-FACTOR;
D O I
10.1007/s00115-006-2112-0
中图分类号
R74 [神经病学与精神病学];
学科分类号
摘要
In this review we investigate whether sex differences exist for side effects of second-generation antipsychotics. Results are based on a MEDLINE search for the years 1974 through 2005. Even if pharmacokinetics differ between females and males, significantly higher plasma levels for women have been demonstrated only for olanzapine and clozapine. Hyperprolactinaemia is mainly induced by treatment with risperidone and amisulpride, and there is evidence for more pronounced prolactin levels in females. Most studies reviewed indicate that clozapine and olanzapine are associated with more body weight gain, once more especially in female patients. Furthermore, the few published studies indicate that metabolic syndrome is more frequent in females and there are likely no gender-specific differences between the new antipsychotic medications concerning frequency and degree of acute or chronic movement disturbance. The risk of QT prolongation with torsades de pointes arrhythmia is again higher in females. In conclusion, there is some evidence of sex differences in the side effects of second-generation antipsychotics. For better understanding of the basic mechanisms in sex differences, future studies with a primary focus on this topic are required. More specific data will help to determine how these differences shall affect clinical management.
引用
收藏
页码:45 / +
页数:6
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