The Origins of C4 Grasslands: Integrating Evolutionary and Ecosystem Science

被引：825

作者：

Edwards, Erika J. ^{[1
]}

Osborne, Colin P. ^{[2
]}

Stroemberg, Caroline A. E. ^{[3
,4
]}

Smith, Stephen A. ^{[5
]}

Bond, William J. ^{[6
]}

Christin, Pascal-Antoine ^{[7
]}

Cousins, Asaph B. ^{[8
]}

Duvall, Melvin R. ^{[9
]}

Fox, David L. ^{[10
]}

Freckleton, Robert P. ^{[2
]}

Ghannoum, Oula ^{[11
]}

Hartwell, James ^{[12
]}

Huang, Yongsong ^{[13
]}

Janis, Christine M. ^{[1
]}

Keeley, Jon E. ^{[14
,15
]}

Kellogg, Elizabeth A. ^{[16
]}

Knapp, Alan K. ^{[17
]}

Leakey, Andrew D. B. ^{[18
]}

Nelson, David M. ^{[19
]}

Saarela, Jeffery M. ^{[20
]}

Sage, Rowan F. ^{[21
]}

Sala, Osvaldo E. ^{[1
]}

Salamin, Nicolas ^{[7
,22
]}

Still, Christopher J. ^{[23
]}

Tipple, Brett ^{[24
]}

机构：

[1] Brown Univ, Dept Ecol & Evolutionary Biol, Providence, RI 02912 USA

[2] Univ Sheffield, Dept Anim & Plant Sci, Sheffield S10 2TN, S Yorkshire, England

[3] Univ Washington, Dept Biol, Seattle, WA 98195 USA

[4] Univ Washington, Burke Museum, Seattle, WA 98195 USA

[5] Natl Evolutionary Synth Ctr, Durham, NC 27705 USA

[6] Univ Cape Town, Dept Bot, Cape Town, South Africa

[7] Univ Lausanne, Dept Ecol & Evolut, CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland

[8] Washington State Univ, Sch Biol Sci, Pullman, WA 99164 USA

[9] Northern Illinois Univ, Dept Biol Sci, De Kalb, IL 60115 USA

[10] Univ Minnesota, Dept Geol & Geophys, Minneapolis, MN 55455 USA

[11] Univ Western Sydney, Dept Plants Soil & Environm, S Penrith Distribut Ctr, New South Wales, Australia

[12] Univ Liverpool, Sch Biol Sci, Liverpool L69 3BX, Merseyside, England

[13] Brown Univ, Dept Geol Sci, Providence, RI 02912 USA

[14] Western Ecol Res Ctr, Sequoia Kings Canyon Field Stat, Three Rivers, CA 93271 USA

[15] Univ Calif Los Angeles, Dept Ecol & Evolut Biol, Los Angeles, CA 90024 USA

[16] Univ Missouri, Dept Biol, St Louis, MO 63121 USA

[17] Colorado State Univ, Dept Biol, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA

[18] Univ Illinois, Inst Genom Biol, Dept Plant Biol, Urbana, IL 61801 USA

[19] Univ Maryland, Ctr Environm Sci Appalachian Lab, Frostburg, MD 21532 USA

[20] Canadian Museum Nat, Res Div, Ottawa, ON, Canada

[21] Univ Toronto, Dept Ecol & Evolut Biol, Toronto, ON, Canada

[22] Swiss Inst Bioinformat, Quartier Sorge, Lausanne, Switzerland

[23] Univ Calif, Dept Geography, Inst Computat Earth Syst Sci, Santa Barbara, CA 93106 USA

[24] Univ Utah, Dept Biol, Salt Lake City, UT 84112 USA

来源：

SCIENCE | 2010年 / 328卷 / 5978期

基金：

美国国家科学基金会; 英国生物技术与生命科学研究理事会;

关键词：

MIOCENE EXPANSION; ISOTOPIC EVIDENCE; ATMOSPHERIC CO2; CLIMATE; GRASSES; PHOTOSYNTHESIS; VEGETATION; MONSOONS; HISTORY; DECLINE;

D O I：

10.1126/science.1177216

中图分类号：

O [数理科学和化学]; P [天文学、地球科学]; Q [生物科学]; N [自然科学总论];

学科分类号：

07 ; 0710 ; 09 ;

摘要：

The evolution of grasses using C-4 photosynthesis and their sudden rise to ecological dominance 3 to 8 million years ago is among the most dramatic examples of biome assembly in the geological record. A growing body of work suggests that the patterns and drivers of C-4 grassland expansion were considerably more complex than originally assumed. Previous research has benefited substantially from dialog between geologists and ecologists, but current research must now integrate fully with phylogenetics. A synthesis of grass evolutionary biology with grassland ecosystem science will further our knowledge of the evolution of traits that promote dominance in grassland systems and will provide a new context in which to evaluate the relative importance of C-4 photosynthesis in transforming ecosystems across large regions of Earth.

引用

页码：587 / 591

页数：5

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