Background: Since 2005 highly pathogenic ( HP) avian influenza A H5N1 viruses have spread from Asia to Africa and Europe infecting poultry, humans and wild birds. HP H5N1 virus was isolated in Denmark for the first time in March 2006. A total of 44 wild birds were found positive for the HP H5N1 infection. In addition, one case was reported in a backyard poultry flock. Results: Full-genome characterisation of nine isolates revealed that the Danish H5N1 viruses were highly similar to German H5N1 isolates in all genes from the same time period. The haemagglutinin gene grouped phylogenetically in H5 clade 2 subclade 2 and closest relatives besides the German isolates were isolates from Croatia in 2005, Nigeria and Niger in 2006 and isolates from Astrakhan in Russia 2006. The German and Danish isolates shared unique substitutions in the NA, PB1 and NS2 proteins. Conclusion: The first case of HP H5N1 infection of wild and domestic birds in Denmark was experienced in March 2006. This is the first full genome characterisation of HP H5N1 avian influenza A virus in the Nordic countries. The Danish viruses from this time period have their origin from the wild bird strains from Qinghai in 2005. These viruses may have been introduced to the Northern Europe through unusual migration due to the cold weather in Eastern Europe at that time.
机构:
Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Viral & Rickettsial Dis, Influenza Branch, Atlanta, GA 30333 USACtr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Viral & Rickettsial Dis, Influenza Branch, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA
Bender, C
Hall, H
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机构:Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Viral & Rickettsial Dis, Influenza Branch, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA
Hall, H
Huang, J
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机构:Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Viral & Rickettsial Dis, Influenza Branch, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA
Huang, J
Klimov, A
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机构:Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Viral & Rickettsial Dis, Influenza Branch, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA
Klimov, A
Cox, N
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机构:Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Viral & Rickettsial Dis, Influenza Branch, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA
Cox, N
Hay, A
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机构:Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Viral & Rickettsial Dis, Influenza Branch, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA
Hay, A
Gregory, V
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机构:Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Viral & Rickettsial Dis, Influenza Branch, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA
Gregory, V
Cameron, K
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机构:Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Viral & Rickettsial Dis, Influenza Branch, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA
Cameron, K
Lim, W
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机构:Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Viral & Rickettsial Dis, Influenza Branch, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA
Lim, W
Subbarao, K
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机构:Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Viral & Rickettsial Dis, Influenza Branch, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA
机构:
Shantou Univ Med Coll, Joint Influenza Res Ctr SUMC & HKU, Shantou 515031, Peoples R ChinaShantou Univ Med Coll, Joint Influenza Res Ctr SUMC & HKU, Shantou 515031, Peoples R China
Chen, H
Smith, GJD
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机构:Shantou Univ Med Coll, Joint Influenza Res Ctr SUMC & HKU, Shantou 515031, Peoples R China
Smith, GJD
Zhang, SY
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机构:Shantou Univ Med Coll, Joint Influenza Res Ctr SUMC & HKU, Shantou 515031, Peoples R China
Zhang, SY
Qin, K
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机构:Shantou Univ Med Coll, Joint Influenza Res Ctr SUMC & HKU, Shantou 515031, Peoples R China
Qin, K
Wang, J
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机构:Shantou Univ Med Coll, Joint Influenza Res Ctr SUMC & HKU, Shantou 515031, Peoples R China
Wang, J
Li, KS
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机构:Shantou Univ Med Coll, Joint Influenza Res Ctr SUMC & HKU, Shantou 515031, Peoples R China
Li, KS
Webster, RG
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机构:Shantou Univ Med Coll, Joint Influenza Res Ctr SUMC & HKU, Shantou 515031, Peoples R China
Webster, RG
Peiris, JSM
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机构:Shantou Univ Med Coll, Joint Influenza Res Ctr SUMC & HKU, Shantou 515031, Peoples R China
Peiris, JSM
Guan, Y
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h-index: 0
机构:Shantou Univ Med Coll, Joint Influenza Res Ctr SUMC & HKU, Shantou 515031, Peoples R China
机构:
Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Viral & Rickettsial Dis, Influenza Branch, Atlanta, GA 30333 USACtr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Viral & Rickettsial Dis, Influenza Branch, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA
Bender, C
Hall, H
论文数: 0引用数: 0
h-index: 0
机构:Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Viral & Rickettsial Dis, Influenza Branch, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA
Hall, H
Huang, J
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h-index: 0
机构:Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Viral & Rickettsial Dis, Influenza Branch, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA
Huang, J
Klimov, A
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h-index: 0
机构:Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Viral & Rickettsial Dis, Influenza Branch, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA
Klimov, A
Cox, N
论文数: 0引用数: 0
h-index: 0
机构:Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Viral & Rickettsial Dis, Influenza Branch, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA
Cox, N
Hay, A
论文数: 0引用数: 0
h-index: 0
机构:Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Viral & Rickettsial Dis, Influenza Branch, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA
Hay, A
Gregory, V
论文数: 0引用数: 0
h-index: 0
机构:Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Viral & Rickettsial Dis, Influenza Branch, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA
Gregory, V
Cameron, K
论文数: 0引用数: 0
h-index: 0
机构:Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Viral & Rickettsial Dis, Influenza Branch, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA
Cameron, K
Lim, W
论文数: 0引用数: 0
h-index: 0
机构:Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Viral & Rickettsial Dis, Influenza Branch, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA
Lim, W
Subbarao, K
论文数: 0引用数: 0
h-index: 0
机构:Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Viral & Rickettsial Dis, Influenza Branch, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA
机构:
Shantou Univ Med Coll, Joint Influenza Res Ctr SUMC & HKU, Shantou 515031, Peoples R ChinaShantou Univ Med Coll, Joint Influenza Res Ctr SUMC & HKU, Shantou 515031, Peoples R China
Chen, H
Smith, GJD
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h-index: 0
机构:Shantou Univ Med Coll, Joint Influenza Res Ctr SUMC & HKU, Shantou 515031, Peoples R China
Smith, GJD
Zhang, SY
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机构:Shantou Univ Med Coll, Joint Influenza Res Ctr SUMC & HKU, Shantou 515031, Peoples R China
Zhang, SY
Qin, K
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机构:Shantou Univ Med Coll, Joint Influenza Res Ctr SUMC & HKU, Shantou 515031, Peoples R China
Qin, K
Wang, J
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机构:Shantou Univ Med Coll, Joint Influenza Res Ctr SUMC & HKU, Shantou 515031, Peoples R China
Wang, J
Li, KS
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h-index: 0
机构:Shantou Univ Med Coll, Joint Influenza Res Ctr SUMC & HKU, Shantou 515031, Peoples R China
Li, KS
Webster, RG
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h-index: 0
机构:Shantou Univ Med Coll, Joint Influenza Res Ctr SUMC & HKU, Shantou 515031, Peoples R China
Webster, RG
Peiris, JSM
论文数: 0引用数: 0
h-index: 0
机构:Shantou Univ Med Coll, Joint Influenza Res Ctr SUMC & HKU, Shantou 515031, Peoples R China
Peiris, JSM
Guan, Y
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h-index: 0
机构:Shantou Univ Med Coll, Joint Influenza Res Ctr SUMC & HKU, Shantou 515031, Peoples R China