Psychosocial influences: Critiques, findings, and research needs

被引:153
作者
Rutter, M [1 ]
机构
[1] Univ London, London WC1E 7HU, England
关键词
D O I
10.1017/S0954579400003072
中图分类号
B844 [发展心理学(人类心理学)];
学科分类号
040202 ;
摘要
Nongeneric factors have a major influence on psychopathology. Knowledge on specific psychosocial risk and protective mechanisms is more limited because of inadequate attention to measurement issues, person effects on the environment, and the possibility of genetic mediation. Nevertheless, a range of research strategies may be used to provide rigorous tests of causal hypotheses; these have shown the importance of environmentally mediated risks. Challenges for the future include greater use of such research strategies, improved measures of psychosocial risks that can be applied to large samples, investigation of origins of risks, identification of causes of time trends in levels of psychopathology, delineation of psychosocial effects on lifetime liability, understanding of environmental effects on the organism, appreciation of processes involved in developmental programming, and understanding of individual differences in susceptibility.
引用
收藏
页码:375 / 405
页数:31
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