DNA methylation dynamics in plant genomes

被引：120

作者：

Gehring, Mary ^{[1
]}

Henikoff, Steven ^{[1
]}

机构：

[1] Fred Hutchinson Canc Res Ctr, Howard Hughes Med Inst, Seattle, WA 98109 USA

来源：

BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-GENE STRUCTURE AND EXPRESSION | 2007年 / 1769卷 / 5-6期

关键词：

methylation; demethylation; transcription; transposons; arabidopsis; maize;

D O I：

10.1016/j.bbaexp.2007.01.009

中图分类号：

Q5 [生物化学]; Q7 [分子生物学];

学科分类号：

071010 ; 081704 ;

摘要：

Cytosine bases are extensively methylated in the DNA of plant genomes. DNA methylation has been implicated in the silencing of transposable elements and genes, and loss of methylation can have severe consequences for the organism. The recent methylation profiling of the entire Arabidopsis genome has provided insight into the extent of DNA methylation and its functions in silencing and gene transcription. Patterns of DNA methylation are faithfully maintained across generations, but some changes in DNA methylation are observed in terminally differentiated tissues. Demethylation by a DNA glycosylase is required for the expression of imprinted genes in the endosperm and de novo methylation might play a role in the selective silencing of certain self-incompatibility alleles in the tapetum. Because DNA methylation patterns are faithfully inherited, changes in DNA methylation that arise somatically during the plant life cycle have the possibility of being propagated. Therefore, epimutations might be an important source of variation during plant evolution. (c) 2007 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

引用

页码：276 / 286

页数：11

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