Improved mRNA quantitation in LightCycler RT-PCR

Background: Real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) utilizing the LightCycler and similar systems is an increasingly used technique for quantitative reverse transcription (RT)-PCR of mRNA levels from genes of immunologic interest. A commonly encountered limitation with these systems is that the fluorescence induced by SYBR(R) Green (a fluorophore that binds double-stranded DNA) can result from primer dimers; (PDs) as well as the PCR product of interest, thus interfering with the ability to reproducibly quantitate mRNA levels. Methods: We use a modification of the LightCycler PCR strategy to overcome this problem by altering the PCR strategy to take advantage of the LightCycler's ability to measure fluorescence at a temperature greater than the melting point of PDs. The resulting measurements determine fluorescence of only the desired PCR product. Results: We demonstrate that by using this modified PCR strategy, one can eliminate the fluorescence induced by PDs and obtain accurate product quantitation. Conclusions: This simple modification allows more precise quantitation of sample mRNA levels by eliminating the contaminating fluorescence induced by the formation of PCR PDs. This modification obviates the need to redesign PCR primers in RT-PCR experiments where this is impractical or impossible. Copyright (C) 2003 S. Karger AG, Basel.