Isolation of CD248-expressing stromal vascular fraction for targeted improvement of wound healing

Wound healing remains a global issue of disability, cost, and health. Addition of cells from the stromal vascular fraction (SVF) of adipose tissue has been shown to increase the rate of full thickness wound closure. This study aimed to investigate the angiogenic mechanisms of CD248+ SVF cells in the context of full thickness excisional wounds. Single cell transcriptional analysis was used to identify and cluster angiogenic gene-expressing cells, which was then correlated with surface marker expression. SVF cells isolated from human lipoaspirate were FACS sorted based on the presence of CD248. Cells were analyzed for angiogenic gene expression and ability to promote microvascular tubule formation in vitro. Following this, 6mm full thickness dermal wounds were created on the dorsa of immunocompromised mice and then treated with CD248+, CD248-, or unsorted SVF cells delivered in a pullalan-collagen hydrogel or the hydrogel alone. Wounds were measured every other day photometrically until closure. Wounds were also evaluated histologically at 7 and 14 days post-wounding and when fully healed to assess for reepithelialization and development of neovasculature. Wounds treated with CD248+ cells healed significantly faster than other treatment groups, and at 7 days, had quantitatively more reepithelialization. Concurrently, immunohistochemistry of CD31 revealed a much higher presence of vascularity in the CD248+ SVF cells treated group at the time of healing and at 14 days post-op, consistent with a pro-angiogenic effect of CD248+ cells in vivo. Therefore, using CD248+ pro-angiogenic cells obtained from SVF presents a viable strategy in wound healing by promoting increased vessel growth in the wound.